Tree Biology & Mechanics: Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

study of forces and their effects on bodies at rest or in motion.

A

Mechanics

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2
Q

the study of the action of forces on living trees.

A

Biomechanics

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3
Q

a general term used to indicate the magnitude of a force, bending moment, torque, or pressure applied to a substance or material.

A

Load

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4
Q

any action or influence causing an object to accelerate/decelerate. Calculated as mass multiplied by acceleration. Is a vector quantity.

A

Force

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5
Q

the force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth.

A

Gravity

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6
Q

the point toward or from which a force acts; the resultant point of aggregate forces.

A

Center of force

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7
Q

the distance between the applied force (or center of force) and the point where the object will bend or rotate.

A

Lever arm

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8
Q

wind resistance

A

Drag

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9
Q

in mechanics, the action of forces to squeeze, crush, or push together any material or substance.

A

Compression

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10
Q

the length of a straight line through the center of a circle.

A

Diameter

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11
Q

a force per unit area

A

Stress

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12
Q

the action of forces to stretch or pull apart any material or substance.

A

Tension

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13
Q

the movement or failure of materials, especially laminar material such as wood, by sliding side by side.

A

Shear

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14
Q

the action of twisting or being twisted.

A

Torsion

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15
Q

an imaginary plane where there is neither tension nor compression.

A

Neutral plane

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16
Q

the remaining solid wood around a cavity or internal wood decay.

A

Shell wall

17
Q

distance from the center to the perimeter of a circle. One half of diameter

A

Radius

18
Q

motion created by the forces of wind or rigging operations may be reduced through branch movement.

A

Mass damping