Tree Biology & Mechanics: Decay Flashcards

1
Q

process of degradation by microorganisms.

A

Decay

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2
Q

including yeasts, molds, mushrooms, and smuts. Typically multicellular, saprophytic, or parasitic and lacking vascular tissue and chlorophyll. Reproduces vegetatively and by various types of spores borne in fruiting bodies.

A

Fungus (pl. fungi)

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3
Q

fruiting body or nonfruiting body (sterile) of a fungus. Often associated with decay.

A

Conk

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4
Q

the fruiting body of a decay fungus.

A

Bracket

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5
Q

organism that lives on and may act to decay dead organic matter.

A

Saprophyte

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6
Q

causal agent of disease. Usually refers to microorganisms.

A

Pathogen

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7
Q

outer wood (xylem) that is active in longitudinal transport of water and minerals.

A

Sapwood

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8
Q

open or closed hollow within a tree stem, branch, or root, usually associated with decay.

A

Cavity

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9
Q

fungal decay of wood in which both cellulose and lignin are broken down.

A

White rot

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10
Q

increased wood growth in the area near or where the trunk and roots come together.

A

Basal swelling

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11
Q

decay of plant tissues characterized by the breakdown of tissues within the cell walls.

A

Soft rot

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12
Q

the breakdown or separation of a substance into simpler substances.

A

Decomposition

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13
Q

wood response of a tree to microorganisms, including bacteria and non-decay-causing fungi, resulting in dead, darkened wood with little strength.

A

Discoloration

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14
Q

natural defense process in trees by which chemical and physical boundaries are created that act to limit the spread of disease and decay organisms.

A

Compartmentalization of Decay In Trees (CODIT)

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15
Q

natural boundary formed chemically within a tree to separate damaged wood from existing healthy wood. Important in the process of compartmentalization.

A

Reaction zone

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16
Q

a waxy substance present in some cell walls.

A

Suberin

17
Q

wood decay inside a tree that extends longitudinally up and down a stem or through a branch.

A

Column of decay

18
Q

decay located in the roots; root decay is usually developed from the bottom up, and crown symptoms may or may not be visible.

A

Root rot

19
Q

a root-like aggregation of fungal hyphae.

A

Rhyzomorph

20
Q

any of several types of fungal decay of tree heartwood, often beginning with infected wounds in the living portions of wood tissue.

A

Heartwood rot

21
Q

an indicator that decay is definitely present.

A

Definite indicators

22
Q

the reproductive structures of a fungus.

A

Fungal fruiting structures

23
Q

decay located in the sapwood. Bark and/or cambium may be damaged or dead. Signs of this classification of rot are usually numerous, but small, fruiting bodies along the barks surface are common.

A

Sapwood rot

24
Q

an indicator that decay might be present.

A

Potential indicators