Treaty of Versailles Flashcards
Who attended the Treaty of Versailles?
Big Three, German Council and 32 Winning countries
Who were the ‘Big Three’ made up of?
David Lloyd George, Woodrow Wilson, George Clemenceau
When was the Treaty of Versailles held?
January 1919
What did France + Clemenceau want out of the Treaty of Versailles?
Revenge for the war, Cripple Germany, Make France less vulnerable, gain reparations to rebuild France
What did Britain + Lloyd George want out of the Treaty of Versailles?
Gain German colonies, rule the seas to secure British empire - cripple German Navy, Keep Germany powerful enough to trade
What did USA + Woodrow Wilson want out of the Treaty of Versailles?
Put forward Wilson’s 14 points one of which was the League of Nations. Main aim = World Peace
What were Germany’s military restrictions?
100,000 men army. 15,000 men in Navy with 1500 officers. Only 6 Battleships. Conscription was banned. No tanks, submarines and no Air Force.
What part of Germany was de-militarised?
Rhineland
What land did Germany loose to the West and who took it?
Alsace Lorraine –> France
Eupen and Malmedy –> Belgium
What land did Germany loose to the North and who took it?
North Schleswig –> Denmark
What land did Germany loose to the East and who took it?
West Prussia, Posen, Upper Silesia –> Poland (Polish Corridor)
How much land did Germany loose in total?
10%
What does Article 231 mean?
War guilt clause: Germany had to take full responsibility for the war.
What does Article 232 mean?
Due to Germany taking the blame meaning they had to pay reparations. The figure was agreed in 1921 at 6,600 million pounds.
What was forbidden by Germany and Austria?
Anschluss (union)
What happened to German colonies?
Given as mandates to the League of Nation –> Britain and France now controlled them
What was Germany not allowed to join?
League of Nations
What two parts of Germany was given to the League of Nations?
North Danzig –> Made a free city
Saarland –> 15 years under LofN control
What did the land Germany lost in the East become?
Polish Corridor
What did Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points aim for?
World Peace
When were the 14 points put forward?
January 1919
What does ‘Self Determination’ mean?
The idea that countries/colonies should be able to govern themselves rather than being in an empire.
What would the League of Nations do?
A group of countries which would work together to resolve conflicts creating peace.
How did Germany feel about the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
They felt that the treaty was extremely unfair calling it a ‘Diktat’ and were angered by the terms.
They hated Article 231.
What does ‘Diktat’ mean?
Forced Treaty
