TREATMENTS AND THERAPIES Flashcards
What is the basic premise underpinning CBT regarding the role of cognition?
Cognitions influence feelings and behaviours and subsequent behaviours and feelings can influence cognitions.
Name 4 behavioural techniques used in CBT?
- Exposure
- Activity scheduling
- Relaxation
- Behaviour modification
Cognitive therapy suggests emotional distress and maladptive behaviours result from…
Faulty patterns of thinking
Name 4 types of skills commonly taught in CBT?
- Stress Management
- Social Skills training
- Parent Training
- Anger Management
What is the overarching goal of DBT?
Reduce the tendency to engage in ineffective action which are linked to dysregulated emotions.
What is the underlying assumption of IPT?
Interpersonal problems and mental health problems are interrelated
What are 4 main problems examined in IPT?
- Role transitions
- Interpersonal disputes
- Grief
- Interpersonal deficits
What does IPT aim to improve?
Communication and interpersonal skills
What is a meta analysis?
Quantitative study used to provide a determination on high quality research (2 or more RCT’s). Helpful in providing better estimate of clinical effect than individual study alone.
What is the focus of short term psychodynamic therapy?
Exploring and working through specific interpersonal and intrapsychic conflicts. Heavily transference based.
Psychoeducation can provide clients with an understanding of (4)
- Symptoms, causes and consequences of their disorder
- Treatments available, including therapy and medication
- How to monitor signs of relapse
- Skills needed to support symptom reduction
What is a systematic review?
A literature review that reviews, evaluates and synthesises high quality research focused on a particular question.
Name 3 disorders with very little empirical evidence regarding treatment effectiveness in child or adolescent populations?
- Somatic Symptom Disorder
- Adjustment Disorder
- Dissociative disorders
CBT has Level 1 support for which 6 anxiety disorders?
- OCD
- PTSD (trauma informed)
- GAD
- SAD
- Panic Disorder
- Specific Phobia
Which disorders does DBT have Level 1 or Level 2 evidence for treating? (7)
- PTSD
- ADHD
- BPD
- BED
- Bulimia
- Depression
- Substance abuse disorders
Which disorders does Psychodynamic therapies have Level 1 or Level 2 evidence for treating? (8)
- Adjustment Disorder
- GAD
- Panic Disorder
- SAD
- BPD
- Anorexia
- Depression
- Substance Abuse
Which disorder does NOT count CBT as most effective?
Borderline Personality Disorder
Which disorders prioritise family therapy in childhood/adolescence and CBT in adulthood?
- Bulimia
- Anorexia
- Substance Abuse Disorders
Name 3 Level 1 treatments for Depression?
- IPT
- CBT
- Psychodynamic therapy
What is the best treatment for persistant or severe depression?
A combination of medication and therapy together - better than each part alone.
What is the first line of treatment in Bipolar Disorder?
Pharmcological treatment in the acute phase and to prevent relapes (should be combined with therapies)
What element of CBT is evidenced to be specifically helpful for OCD?
ERP (exposure and response prevention)
What element of CBT is evidenced to be specifically helpful for Substance Disorders?
Motivational Interviewing
What element of CBT is evidenced to be specifically helpful for Sexual Disorders?
Systematic Desensitisations (identifying a hierarchy of sexual activities that provoke anxiety and then pairing relaxation techniques with imagining the sexual activity)
What is Systematic Desensitisation
A therapy approach that combines relaxation techniques with gradual exposure to help you slowly overcome a phobia
What differentiates Somatic Symptom Disorder from illness anxiety disorder (hyperchondriasis?)
Somatic Symptom Disorder - objectively real symptoms that cause excessive distress and worry.
Illness Anxiety - possibly no symptoms or catastrophic interpretations of benign body signals.
What is the order of priority in understanding what the client is communicating?
- Body language and facial expressions
- Tone and manner of voice
- Spoken words
If clients express difficulties in paying the psychologist should consider…
Negotiating a lower cost fee.
What factors should an MSE consider? (7 Hint: OAF-SPIT)
Appearance
Feeling
Perception
Insight
Speech
Thinking
Orientation
Suicide risk assessment needs to include
- Previous attempts
- Present thinking (frequency, intensity, duration)
- Substance Use
- Access to Means
- Irritability/Impulsiveness
- Protective Factors
Frequency, intensity and duration are important things to ascertain when…
Assessing suicidal thinking
