treatments and cures Flashcards

1
Q

what were traditional treatments

A

herbal medicine
bleeding
using urine
praying

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2
Q

how were zodiac charts used

A

suggest treatments based on the idea that all body parts linked to a sign

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3
Q

what were the books soothsayers used

A

herbals
they contained knowledge and prayers to cure infections

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4
Q

what’s a barber surgeon

A

someone with very little medical knowledge who would cut hair, set bones,simple surgeries and blood letting

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5
Q

how were leaches used

A

for blood letting to balance the humours

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6
Q

what continued in the early modern era

A

medieval methods

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7
Q

what new ingredients were found in the medieval era

A

rhubarb-believed to be a powerful drug
tobacco-in remedies

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8
Q

what did alchemists use in early modern era

A

chemical and mineral treatments

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9
Q

what anasetics were used pre 19th century

A

laughing gas or ether but it was difficult to control the dose

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10
Q

when was chloroform first used

A

1847 by james simpson for child birth

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11
Q

who popularised the use of chloroform

A

queen victoria in 1853

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12
Q

what was used as a local anaesthetic from 1891

A

cocane

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13
Q

who first came up of the idea of antiseptics

A

joseph lister
he was inspired by pastures germ theory and used carbolic acid to sterilise rooms and equipment

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14
Q

what did lister invent in 1871

A

a machine to clean operating tooms

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15
Q

when was the steam steriliser made

A

1881

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16
Q

waht became standard practice after lister’s invention decades later

A

wearing rubber gloves clean clothes

17
Q

what two elements did marie curie discover

A

radium and polonium
she won a noble prize for this in 1903

18
Q

what else did marie curie discover

A

a way to measure radiation
and she made mobile x-ray units in ww1

19
Q

what did fleming accidentally do

A

grow the mold penicillin in 1928

20
Q

what did florey and chain do

A

in 1937 they built on flemings work with government funding
they made a successful drug but couldn’t produce enough

21
Q

when was penicillin being mas produced

A

by d-day 1944
after usa joining the war increased funding in 1941

22
Q

what problem has been caused in antibiotic

A

antibiotic resistance as people don’t take the full course

23
Q

what are some modern cancer treatments

A

surgery to remove tissue
radiation therapy
chemotherapy
key hole surgery
microsurgery with robotic aids

24
Q

when was the first kidney transplant

A

1952

25
Q

when was the first heart pacemaker put in

A

1961

26
Q

when was the first hip replacement

A

1972

27
Q

when was the first heart transplant and what happened

A

1967 by barnyard in south africa
the patient lived 18 days but it proved it was possible

28
Q

what in the 80s increased the success rate of transplants

A

immunosuppressants

29
Q

what alternative treatments became popular in the late 20th century

A

homeopathy-using tiny amounts of substance
acupuncture-traditional chinese treatment using tiny needles to target energy points
aromatherapy-treatment using smells