Treatments

Question 1

What are the two different therapies for SZ?

Answer 1

CBT
Family therapy

Question 2

What is used in drug therapy?

Answer 2

antipsychotics

Question 3

What are the two types of antipsychotic drugs?

Answer 3

typical antipsychotic
atypical antipsychotic

Question 4

Which antipsychotic is first generation?

Answer 4

Typical

Question 5

Which antipsychotic is second generation?

Answer 5

atypical

Question 6

What happens if typical antipsychotics don’t clear up symptoms?

Answer 6

Move into atypical antipsychotics

Question 7

Example of typical antipsychotics?

Answer 7

Chlorpromazine

Question 8

What is Chlorpromazine?

Answer 8

a dopamine antagonist

Question 9

What does dopamine antagonist mean?

Answer 9

Reduce levels of dopamine activity within the brain

Question 10

How does chlorpromazine work?

Answer 10

Binding to the D2 receptors on the post synaptic neuron

Question 11

What does a reduction of dopamine mean for SZ symptoms?

Answer 11

Reduce positive symptoms (hallucinations)

Question 12

What is chlorpromazine also used as?

Answer 12

A sedative

Question 13

Example of atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 13

Clozapine

Question 14

What is clozapine?

Answer 14

Dopamine antagonist
Serotonin agonist

Question 15

What does serotonin agonist mean?

Answer 15

Increase levels of serotonin in the brain

Question 16

How does Clozapine work?

Answer 16

binds to D2 dopamine receptor sites on the post synaptic neuron
Act as agonist upon serotonin receptor sites (2A and 2C)

Question 17

What does an increase of seretonin mean for SZ symptoms?

Answer 17

Reduces negative symptoms such as reducing low mood and avolition

Question 18

Difference between atypical and typical antipsychotics?

Answer 18

Atypical psychotics can be used to treat both positive and negative symptoms WHEREAS typical only treats positive symptoms

Question 19

Why are typical antipsychotics used first?

Answer 19

Atypical antipsychotics are associated with a life threatening illness

Question 20

What illness are atypical antipsychotics associated with?

Answer 20

Agranulocytosis

Question 21

What is agranulocytosis?

Answer 21

Blood condition where there are low levels of white blood cells

Question 22

What is bad about low levels of white blood cells

Answer 22

limits an individuals ability to fight disease and illness

Question 23

Aim of CBT with sz?

Answer 23

Help patients identify irrational/delusional thoughts, change them to more rational ones

Question 24

What happens once the irrational thought has been identified in CBT?

Answer 24

The psychiatrist would challenge the patients irrational thoughts in order to encourage patients to come up with more plausible explanation

Question 25

Therapists use ? disputing in CBT

Answer 25

Empirical

Question 26

What does empirical disputing help patients understand?

Answer 26

The delusions/hallucinations are not real

Question 27

What does offering a more plausible explanation for symptoms reduce and help?

Answer 27

Reduces anxiety/distress helps realise beliefs are not based in reality, makes thoughts less threatening

Question 28

What are the 3 techniques used in CBT?

Answer 28

Empirical disputing Positive self talk Self distraction techniques

Question 29

How is positive self talk used in CBT?

Answer 29

If an individual hears negative voices, they can say more positive statements to challenge the auditory hallucinations

Question 30

Example of a self distraction strategy?

Answer 30

Listening to music to drown out voices

Question 31

What are the two treatments for SZ?

Answer 31

Drug therapy Psychological therapies

Question 32

What idea is family therapy based on?

Answer 32

Family dysfunction can play a role in the development of SZ

Question 33

How does family therapy work?

Answer 33

By reducing expressed emotion and stress levels within the family

Question 34

One main aim of family therapy is to “improve the families ? about and ? towards SZ”

Answer 34

Beliefs Behaviour

Question 35

One main aim of family therapy is to “reduce the ? of ? for a relative with SZ”

Answer 35

Stress Caring

Question 36

One main aim of family therapy is to “decrease feelings of ? and ? in family members”

Answer 36

guilt anger

Question 37

One main aim of family therapy is “helping family members achieve ? between caring for individual and ?”

Answer 37

balance maintaining their own lives

Question 38

How long does family therapy often last?

Answer 38

9 months to 1 year

Question 39

What are patients and family members encouraged to do in family therapy?

Answer 39

Open and talk about symptoms, behaviour and progress