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Schizophernia > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two major systems for the classification of mental disorders?

A

ICD-11
DSM-5

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2
Q

What is sufficient for a diagnosis in the ICD-11?

A

Two or more negative symptoms for one month or longer

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3
Q

What is sufficient for a diagnosis with the DSM-5?

A

One positive symptom for at least one month

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4
Q

What is a positive symptom?

A

An additional experience beyond those of ordinary existence.

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5
Q

What is a negative symptom?

A

A loss of usual abilities and experiences.

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6
Q

Two examples of positive symptoms?

A

Hallucinations
Delusions

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7
Q

Two examples of negative symptoms?

A

Avolition (loss of motivation)
Speech poverty

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8
Q

What are hallucinations?

A

Unusual sensory experience that have no basis in reality

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9
Q

Two types of hallucinations?

A

Auditory
Visual

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10
Q

What are delusions?

A

Irrational/false beliefs that have no basis in reality

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11
Q

Examples of delusions?

A

Delusions of persecution
Delusions of control

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12
Q

What are delusions of persecution?

A

A false belief you are being harassed

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13
Q

What are delusions of control?

A

The false believe that you are being controlled by something external

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14
Q

What is avolition?

A

Severe loss of motivation

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15
Q

Andreasons three signs of avolition?

A

Poor hygiene
Lack of persistence in work
Lack of energy

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16
Q

What is speech poverty?

A

A reduction in quality of speech. potential delay or broken speech

17
Q

Definition of diagnosis?

A

The identification of an illness by examination of symptoms
Eg: someone hearing voices

18
Q

Definition of classification? Example?

A

The action or process of classifying disease according to symptoms
Eg: a symptom of SZ is hallucinations

19
Q

What does reliability mean?

A

Consistency, can we gain consistent results when classifying and diagnosing SZ

20
Q

What does validity mean?

A

Accuracy, are we measuring what what we intent to measure (diagnosing and classifying SZ)

21
Q

Name the four things that affect validity/reliability

A

Symptom overlap
Co-morbidity
Gender bias
Cultural bias

22
Q

What is symptom overlap? Example?

A

Where two or more conditions share similar symptoms.
EG: Both SZ and depression involves negative symptoms such as avolition

23
Q

What is Co-morbidity? Example?

A

Where two illnesses occur at the same time
EG: SZ and OCD as they share common problems (delusions)

24
Q

What is gender bias in relation to SZ?

A

Men have been diagnosed with SZ more often than women. It is argued females with SZ function better than men

25
Q

What is culture bias in relation to SZ?

A

English people of an African origin are much more likely to be diagnosed than in Africa. Some behaviours are classed as normal in African cultures (hearing voices as part of ancestor communication)

Schizophernia (6 decks)

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