Treatment Of Substance Dependence Flashcards
Nicotine Dependence Treatment
Withdrawal signs: craving, anxiety, irritability, restlessness
Tx w/ nicotine substitution: gum, patch
Titrate to individual need
Support is very important
Nicotine
Activate nicotinic receptors in CNS (a4b2)
Produce
Psychological stimulation
Relaxation
Bupropion
Nicotine treatment
Mechanism not clear, inhibits dopamine transporter
Seizures at high doses
Don’t use with MAOI or seizure disorders
Varenicline
Nicotine treatment
Partial agonist
Abnormal dreams
Increased risk of cardiovascular events
Clonidine
Nicotine and ethanol tx
Partial a2 agonist - reduces sympathetic activation during withdrawal
Rebound hypertension
Agents to treat severe ethanol dependence
Symptoms of withdrawal from chronic abuse
Diazepam
Treatment for mild ethanol independence
Lorazepam
Clonidine
Disulfiram
Aldehyde dehydrogensase inhibitor
Makes person feel sick when they drink ethanol
Vasodilation-flushing, headache, vomiting etc.
Naltrexone
Ethanol tx
Mu opiate receptor antagonist
Makes alcohol less enjoyable
Insomnia common
Acamprosate calcium
Ethanol tx
GABA-A receptor agonist
Reduces cravings, relapse
Withdrawal symptoms of opioid dependence
Craving
Nausea, vomiting, weakness, intestinal cramping, diarrhea
Opioid withdrawal symptoms can be alleviated by..
Clonidine
Methadone
Tx for opioid dependence
Need to go to methadone clinic
Bupronorphine
Tx for opioid dependence
Can be used in regular clinics
Investigative tx for cocaine dependence
Naltrexone or naloxone
Tx for opioid dependence
Opioid antagonist
