Treatment of Eye Flashcards
anterior blepharitis
controlled by cleanliness of lid margins, eyebrows and scalp
acute exacerbations: antistaph antibiotic ointment, bacitracin or erythromycin
posterior blepharitis
long term low dose oral antibiotic therapy: tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin
chalazion
warm compresses
after 2-3 weeks, removal by ophtho
entropion
surgery if lashes rub on cornea
botox
bacterial conjunctivitis
self limiting 10-14 days
topical sulfonamide or oral antibiotic
special circumstances: fluoroquinolone
gonococcal conjunctivitis
ceftriaxone 1g IM
chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis
1 g Azithromycin
viral conjunctivitis
HSV - acyclovirs
all others: self limited, cold compresses, artificial tears
allergy eye
anti-inflammatory
topical: mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, vasoconstrictors
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes)
artifical tears: sodium chooride or hypo osmotic solution
mucomimetic: cellulose products
tenacious mucus: mucolytic agents: acetylcysteine
severe cases:
topical corticosteroids
topical immunosuppressants
cataracts
surgical removal
laster treatment
phacoemulsification - for mature cataracts only
corneal abrasion
bacitracin-polymyxin opthalmic ointment
mydriatic
analgestic
anterior uveitis
topical corticosteroids
posterior uveitis
systemic, periocular or intravitreal corticosteroid therapy
hyphema
advised to rest
opthalmology assesment
dacrocystitis/adenitits
acute: systemic antibiotic therapy
chronic: kept latent with antibiotics
relief of obstruction only cure: dacryocystorhihnostamy
chronic glaucoma
prostaglandin analog eye drops
timolol - beta blocker
laser trabeculopathy
optic neuritis
IV methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone
age related macular degen atrophic (dry
recommended to take oral antidioxidants, zinc, copper and caretenoids
no specific treatment
age related macular degen wet
VEGF
bacterial keratitis
EMERGENT OPTHO REFERRAL
topical antibiotic drops: polymyxin, mycin drops
pseudomonas-fluoroquinolones
retinal detachment
opthy referral, surgical treatment
laster photocoagualation
cryo to sclera
corneal ulcer
topical fluoroquinolones
MUST refer to optho
acute glaucoma
single IV dose of acetazolamide w topical medications that lower IOP
pilocarpine drops
retinal vein occlusion
intravitreal VEGF
retinal artery occlusion
if seen few hours after onset lay pt flat ocular massage high conc oxygen IV acetazolamide
herpes zoster opthalmicus
acycolvirs
refer cases to optho
papilledema
weight loss, acetazolamide
diabetic retinopathy
optimize blood glucose, blood pressure, kidney function, serum lipids
fenofibrate and RAS inhibitos
proliferative:
IV VEGF and laser photocoagulation