Treatment of Eye

Question 1

anterior blepharitis

Answer 1

controlled by cleanliness of lid margins, eyebrows and scalp

acute exacerbations: antistaph antibiotic ointment, bacitracin or erythromycin

Question 2

posterior blepharitis

Answer 2

long term low dose oral antibiotic therapy: tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin

Question 3

chalazion

Answer 3

warm compresses

after 2-3 weeks, removal by ophtho

Question 4

entropion

Answer 4

surgery if lashes rub on cornea

botox

Question 5

bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 5

self limiting 10-14 days
topical sulfonamide or oral antibiotic
special circumstances: fluoroquinolone

Question 6

gonococcal conjunctivitis

Answer 6

ceftriaxone 1g IM

Question 7

chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis

Answer 7

1 g Azithromycin

Question 8

viral conjunctivitis

Answer 8

HSV - acyclovirs

all others: self limited, cold compresses, artificial tears

Question 9

allergy eye

Answer 9

anti-inflammatory

topical: mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, vasoconstrictors

Question 10

keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes)

Answer 10

artifical tears: sodium chooride or hypo osmotic solution
mucomimetic: cellulose products
tenacious mucus: mucolytic agents: acetylcysteine

severe cases:
topical corticosteroids
topical immunosuppressants

Question 11

cataracts

Answer 11

surgical removal
laster treatment
phacoemulsification - for mature cataracts only

Question 12

corneal abrasion

Answer 12

bacitracin-polymyxin opthalmic ointment

mydriatic
analgestic

Question 13

anterior uveitis

Answer 13

topical corticosteroids

Question 14

posterior uveitis

Answer 14

systemic, periocular or intravitreal corticosteroid therapy

Question 15

hyphema

Answer 15

advised to rest

opthalmology assesment

Question 16

dacrocystitis/adenitits

Answer 16

acute: systemic antibiotic therapy

chronic: kept latent with antibiotics
relief of obstruction only cure: dacryocystorhihnostamy

Question 17

chronic glaucoma

Answer 17

prostaglandin analog eye drops
timolol - beta blocker
laser trabeculopathy

Question 18

optic neuritis

Answer 18

IV methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone

Question 19

age related macular degen atrophic (dry

Answer 19

recommended to take oral antidioxidants, zinc, copper and caretenoids

no specific treatment

Question 20

age related macular degen wet

Answer 20

VEGF

Question 21

bacterial keratitis

Answer 21

EMERGENT OPTHO REFERRAL
topical antibiotic drops: polymyxin, mycin drops
pseudomonas-fluoroquinolones

Question 22

retinal detachment

Answer 22

opthy referral, surgical treatment
laster photocoagualation
cryo to sclera

Question 23

corneal ulcer

Answer 23

topical fluoroquinolones

MUST refer to optho

Question 24

acute glaucoma

Answer 24

single IV dose of acetazolamide w topical medications that lower IOP
pilocarpine drops

Question 25

retinal vein occlusion

Answer 25

intravitreal VEGF

Question 26

retinal artery occlusion

Answer 26

if seen few hours after onset
lay pt flat
ocular massage
high conc oxygen
IV acetazolamide

Question 27

herpes zoster opthalmicus

Answer 27

acycolvirs

refer cases to optho

Question 28

papilledema

Answer 28

weight loss, acetazolamide

Question 29

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 29

optimize blood glucose, blood pressure, kidney function, serum lipids
fenofibrate and RAS inhibitos

proliferative:
IV VEGF and laser photocoagulation