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pharm exam 3 > Treatment for CA > Flashcards

Treatment for CA Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of aklylating agents in treatment of CA

A
  • alkylate DNA (bind DNA) and inhibit replication
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2
Q

Name the 4 alkylating agents

A
  • Mechlorethamine
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Cisplatin
  • Carmustin, Lomustine
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3
Q

how is Cyclophosphamide activated

A

cytochrome P-450

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4
Q

toxicity of Mechlorethamine

A
  • vesicant: causes blistering
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5
Q

toxicity of Cyclophosphamide

A
  • hemorrhagic cystitis
    • treatment: MESNA
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6
Q

toxicity of Cisplatin

A
  • acoustic nerve damage
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7
Q

important characteristic of Carmustine and Lomustine

A

highly lipid soluble; can get into brain

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8
Q

Name the three anti-metabolites

A
  • Methotrexate (Methotrexate®)- also immunosuppressive
  • 6-Mercaptopurine (Purinethol®)- metabolite of azathioprine
  • 5-Fluorouracil (Adrucil®)
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9
Q

MOA: of methotrexate

A
  • inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
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10
Q

What drug is given to decrease toxicity of methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

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11
Q

Methotrexate toxicity

A
  • hepatotoxicity
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12
Q

MOA of antimetabolites

A
  • inhibitis purine and pyrimidine synthesis
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13
Q

How is 6-Mercaptopurine metabolized

A

xanthine oxidase

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14
Q

Allopurinol has what effect on 6-Mercaptopurine

A

increases its toxicity

***Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

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15
Q

6-Mercaptopurine is a metabolite of what

A
  • azathioprine
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16
Q

MOA of 5-Fluorouracil

A
  • inhibits thymidylate synthase-blocks DNA synthesis
17
Q

leucovorin (folinic acid) has what effect on 5-Fluorouracil

A

increases response by providing folate

18
Q

Name the Abx used in the treatment of CA

A
  • Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (Adriamycin®)
  • Bleomycin Sulfate (Blenoxane®)
19
Q

toxicity of Doxorubicin

A
  • Cardiotoxic worse with iron
20
Q

toxicity of Bleomycin

A

pulmonary fibrosis

21
Q

List the three plant alkaloids

A
  • Vinblastine Sulfate (Velban®)
  • Vincristine Sulfate (Oncovin®)
  • Paclitaxel (Taxol®)
22
Q

MOA of Plant alkaloids

A
  • bind to microtubules, mitosis inhibitors
23
Q

toxicity of Vincristine

A
  • peripheral neuropathy
24
Q

toxicity of Vinblastine

A
  • “blasts bone marrow” myelosuppression
25
Q

toxicity of Paclitaxel

A
  • peripheral neuropathy
26
Q

Name the two tyrosine kinase inhibitors

A
  • Imatinib (Gleevec®)
  • Erlotinib (Tarceva)
27
Q

toxicities of Imatinib

A
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea)
28
Q

MOA of Cetuximab

A
  • Binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), blocking signals for cell growth and survival
29
Q

MOA of Bevacizumab

A
  • inhibits VEGF (needed for angiogenesis)
  • decreases blood supply and slows tumor growth
30
Q

toxicity of Bevacizumab

A

bleeding and thromboembolism

31
Q

Bevacizumab can be put in eye for treatment of

A
  • macular degeneration

pharm exam 3 (7 decks)

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