Treatment

Question 1

What is a abdominoperineal resection?

Answer 1

Anus, rectum and sigmoid colon are removed.

Question 2

What is an anterior resection?

Answer 2

Remove the rectum or part of it

Question 3

What is hemicolectomy?

Answer 3

Removes part of the large intestine and remains ends are joined together with no impact on digestion.

Question 4

What is a colostomy and ileostomy?

Answer 4

Colostomy creates an opening from colon to outside the body through abdominal wall.
Ileostomy is the same but from the ileum

Question 5

What is the treatment for T1 stage of bowel cancer?

Answer 5

Consider local excision if:

• 3cm or less in diameter
• Well or mod well differentiated
• Based on risk lymph node metastasis

Question 6

What is the treatment for T2 stage bowel cancer?

Answer 6

Consider surgery alone - anterior resection

• Total mesorectal excision
• Colon pouch may improve function
• Autonomic nerves preserved

Question 7

What is the treatment for stage T3 bowel cancer?

Answer 7

Short course pre-op XRT (radiotherapy)

Question 8

What is the treatment for stage T4 bowel cancer?

Answer 8

Consider long course pre-op XRT +/- chemotherapy

Question 9

What are the treatments for colorectal cancer?

Answer 9

• Laparoscopic surgery - right/left hemicolectomy, sigmoid colectomy, adomino-perineal, Hartmann’s
• Endoscopic stenting - palliation + bridge to surgery
• Radiotherapy - palliation or post-op
• Chemotherapy - adjuvant for stage 3 reoccurrence, palliation of metastatic, bevacizumab improves survival, cetuximab + panitumumab (improve response rate and survival