Treating Toxicity Flashcards
How do you treat convulsions caused by overdose/poisoning?
If over 5 minutes in duration must give IV Diazepam or Lorazepam. If IV not available give buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam.
How can you treat toxicity from carbamazepine, phenobarbital, quinine, theophylline or dapsone?
Repeated doses of charcoal
Symptoms of aspirin poisoning?
Hyperventilating, tinnitus, deafness, sweating.
How do you treat aspirin poisoning?
Treat using charcoal and sodium bicarbonate to increase the urinary excretion (make sure to correct the K+ concentration before)
Symptoms of paracetamol poisoning?
Nausea and vomiting
How do you treat paracetamol poisoning?
Acetylcysteine-most effective when given 8 hours after ingestion
How do you treat antidepressant poisoning? e.g Tricylic antidepressants, SSRIs
Activated charcoal to limit absorption and sodium bicarbonate to increase urinary excretion and stop arrhythmias
What TWO drugs can you use to treat dystonia from an overdose on phenothiazines ie chlorpromazine or prochlorpromazine?
Procyclidine or diazepam
What is used to treat benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumazenil
What is used to treat a betablocker overdose?
Atropine IV (reverses bradycardia)
What is used to treat calcium channel blocker overdose? (HINT-4)
Charcoal, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, atropine (for bradycardia)
What are the signs of lithium toxicity?
> 2mmol/L plasma concentration and symptoms including vomiting, ataxia, tremor, convulsions, coma
How do you treat lithium toxicity?
Haemodialysis ie increase fluid intake to increase urine output
How do you treat a cocaine or MDMA overdose?
IV diazepam to reduce agitation and cooling measures to reduce hyperthermia
How do you treat iron poisoning?
Desferrioxamine mesilate (deferoxamine)
