treating CVD- lqc 12 Flashcards
benefits of antihypertensives
The benefit of all antihypertensive drugs is that they lower blood pressure which reduces the risk of atherosclerosis developing
how do ACE inhibitors work?
- Inhibits the synthesis of Angiotensin II from Angiotensin I
- Reduction in vasoconstriction
- Lower blood pressure
side effects of ACE inhibitors
dizziness, dry cough, abnormal heart rhythm
how do calcium channel blockers work
- Block the entry of calcium ions into the smooth muscle cells of the artery
- Lack of calcium prevents contraction of the muscle
- No vasoconstriction
- Lower blood pressure
risks of calcium channel blockers
dizziness, headaches, swollen ankles
how do diuretics work
- Increases volume of urine produced
- Reduction in blood plasma volume and cardiac output (volume of blood expelled by the left ventricle per minute)
- Lower blood pressure
side effects of diuretics
dizziness, nausea, muscle cramps
benefits of statins
The benefit of statins is that they lower blood cholesterol (concentration) which reduces the risk of an atheroma forming (decreased risk of atherosclerosis)
how do statins work
- Inhibits the enzyme (HMG-CoA) involved in production of LDL by the liver
- Reduction in LDL in blood
risks of statins
tiredness, disturbed sleep, nausea
benefits of anticoagulants
The benefit of anticoagulants is that they prevent blood clotting/ a blood clot forming which reduces the risk of an artery (eg. coronary artery) becoming blocked
example of anticoagulants
warfarin
how do anticoagulants work
- Interferes with the production of vitamin K
- Inhibits the blood clotting process
side effects of anticoagulants
serious bleeding
benefits of platelet inhibitors
The benefit of anticoagulants is that they prevent blood clotting/ a blood clot forming which reduces the risk of an artery (eg. coronary artery) becoming blocked
