Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

sHAka-KaN > tre > Flashcards

tre Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is this?

A

Fracture plate
Used in conjunction with screws to interally fix a bone fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is this? What is it an example of? When are these useful?

A

Gelofusin (artificial colloid)
Colloids raise plasma oncotic pressure + expand intravascular compartment
Natural: blood + albumin
Useful in shock due to sepsis/ hypovolaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is this? What is it an example of? When is this used?

A

Hartmann/ Plasmalyte Solution (crystalloid solution)

Similar composition to extracellular fluid, contains sodium, chloride, bicarbonate + lactate

Provide normal daily fluid requirements/ supplement loses

Given initially in trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is this?

A

Hemiarthroplasty
(hip prosthesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a hemiarthroplasty used for?

A

Cases of intracapsular fractures of the NOF (avascular necrosis of femoral head is a common complication)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is this? How is it inserted?

A

Hickman line: long term central venous line
Inserted in similar way to central line (usually subclavian)
Remnant of line tunnelled subcutaneously; decreases risk of line infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a Hickman line most often used for?

A

Long term parenteral nutrition/ IV abx therapy/ chemotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is this? What does this consist of?

A

Total hip replacement
2 distinct parts:
1. Femoral stem with femoral head
2. Polyethylene acetabular cap that is inserted into the acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give an indication for a total hip joint replacement.
List 3 complications of THR

A

Severe osteoarthritis
DVT
Infection
Dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is this?

A

Histology specimen pot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is placed in histology specimen pots? Why are these significant?

A

Biopsies
Resected tumours
Ensuring correct labelling forms part of WHO “sign out” checklist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

IM femoral nail
Used to internally fix femoral shaft fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do IM femoral nails stay in place? For how long?

A

Interlocking screws fix nail
Removed after 12-18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

Instillagell: sterile gel containing LA + lubricant gel
Used for catheterisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Recall the guage of blue, pink and grey IV cannulas

A

Blue = 22G (wards)
Pink = 20G (wards)
Grey = 16G (fluid resus + trauma)

17
Q

How do you interpret cannula size?

A

The smaller the gauge size, the larger the diameter
Determined by how many cannulae fit into a tube with inner diameter 1 inch

18
Q

Describe the cannula you need to use to give fluid quickly

A

Short + large bore

19
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

Laparoscopic port
Used to insert a telescope + instruments into the patient

20
Q

What is this? What is it used for? What are the different types?

A

Laryngoscope
Used to aid intubation, visualisation of larynx + aid dx of vocal problems + strictures
Different blades: curved (Macintosh- seen here) + straight (Miller)

21
Q

Give 4 complications of laryngoscope use

A

Mild soft tissue injury
Laryngeal + pharyngeal scarring
Ulceration
Abscess formation

22
Q

What is this?

A

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)

23
Q

What are these?

A

Airway adjuncts (i Gels) = supraglottic

24
Q

What are laryngeal airway masks and iGels used for?

A

Supraglottic airway devices used as a step prior to intubation
Good for elective procedures, cardiac arrests + pre-hospital airway Mx

25
Q

Name a benefit of using laryngeal airway masks and iGels

A

Reduced trauma to oropharynx (seen with intubation)
Therefore reduce length of hospital stay in elective patients

26
Q

What is the main difference in function between a laryngeal airway and an iGel?

A

LMA has an inflatable cuff whereas iGels contain a thermoplastic elastomer (styrene) that moulds to the perilaryngeal framework with patient temperature

iGel seals off oropharyngeal opening from the larynx helping protect against aspiration.
LMA does not protect against aspiration

27
Q

Name 2 benefits of the designs of iGels

A

Gastric channel: allows passing of NG tube for gastric emptying
Can be used as a conduit for intubation

28
Q

Recall 2 risks of laryngeal airways

A

Inflation can cause pressure lesions + nerve palsies

29
Q

What is this and what is it used for?

A

Leg bag
For mobile patients with catheters

30
Q

What is mannitol? Recall 2 uses for mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretic
1. Lower raised ICP
2. Drive the urine output in a patient with obstructive jaundice to prevent hepato renal syndrome.

31
Q

How much oxygen can be delivered by nasal cannulae? What do nasal cannulae differ from?

A

Usually used to carry 1-3L of oxygen per minute (can be upto 5L/min)
This delivers between 28-44% of oxygen

Differ from high flow therapy (NIV)

sHAka-KaN (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions