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sHAka-KaN > due > Flashcards

due Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of chest drain bottle?

A

Passive drainage system: employs a positive expiratory pressure and gravity to drain the pleural space, helps recreate a -ve pressure in the pleural space (Contains a small amount of water)

Active closed drainage system: delivers suction (to help the lung re-expand), allows to measure if there is any ongoing air leak between the lung + pleural cavity.

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2
Q

Where does the chest drain act?

A

It drains air/ blood/ pus etc from the pleural space

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

What can be seen once a chest drain has been inserted?

A

Bubbling as air leaves pleural space

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4
Q

Instructions to pt about chest drain?

A
  • Bottle must always be below level of waist
  • May be asked to cough so HCP can check if it’s working
  • You will have a waterproof dressing over the suture site
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5
Q

What is this?

A

CSF manometer

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6
Q

What is a CSF manometer used for?

A

Identification of opening pressures- represent intracranial pressure in LP

Measurement is in cm H2O

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7
Q

What are the ranges of normal opening pressures on LP?

A

10-18cm H2O lying on their side

20-30cm H2O when sat up

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8
Q

What is this and what is it used for?

A

Devers retractor

Retraction in abdominal surgery

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9
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

Diathermy (monopolar)
Coagulation + dissection of tissue

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10
Q

What are the possible complications of diathermy?

A
  • Risk of burning hands
  • Risk of fire if alcohol wash used
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11
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

Disposable rigid sigmoidoscope
Inspection of rectum + lower sigmoid colon
Can take biopsies of rectal mucosa

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12
Q

Describe use of disposable rigid sigmoidoscope

A

Light source + air pumping device attached
Patient in left lateral position
Lubricate scope
Insert pointing towards umbilicus
Air pumped into rectum to allow visualisation of lumen

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Drainage bag that may be attached to NG tube/ abdo drain
(closed passive drainage system, relies on gravity)

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14
Q

What is this? When is it used?

A

Endotracheal tube with tape and syringe
= definitive airway
used in trauma cases, surgery with GA + patients with GCS <8

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15
Q

How is an endotracheal tube inserted?

A

Using a laryngoscope + Eschmann Tracheal Tube Introducer (ETTI aka bougie)
Balloon at end inflated with air through blue side port to maintain position + protect from aspiration
Tape secures the airway
Connected to O2 + ensures adequate gaseous exchange

16
Q

How is positioning of an endotracheal tube checked?

A

Looking for symmetrical rising of the chest on ventilation, breath sounds bilaterally + no gurgling over the epigastrium indicating oesophageal intubation

17
Q

List 5 complications of endotracheal tube usage

A

Inappropriate placing (oesophageal)
Injury to larynx
Pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Infection

18
Q

What is this?

A

Epidural insertion pack (needle, catheter, catheter adaptor)

19
Q

What type of needle is used for epidurals?

A

Touhy needle with clear depth marking for accurate insertion depth reading

20
Q

What is the epidural catheter specially designed for?

A

Short + long term anaesthesia + pain relief
Adaptor for safe + secure attachment to catheter for convenience of procedure

21
Q

What is this?

A

Faeces sample pot

22
Q

What tests can be used on a stool sample? How long does it take for results to come back?

A

MCS: up to 4d
Rotavirus/ Adenovirus/ Norovirus: same day
Glutamine Dehydrogenase (GDH): C.diff
C.DIff Toxin test: only performed if GDH +ve
C.Difficile ribotyping: up to 2w
Microscopy for Ova, Cysts + parasites: 4d
Helicobacter antigen testing: up to 1w

23
Q

What is this? What is it used for?

A

Feeding NG tube (clinifeed tube)
Long term enteral nutrition

24
Q

How is a feeding NG tube specially designed?

A

Thin bore + soft: more comfortable
Silastic: blocks less often

25
Q

How is an NG tube inserted? How is correct positioning checked?

A

Lubricate tube
Wire inside aids introduction
Advance tube as patient swallows
Position checked with XR for wire
Wire removed if in correct position + feed attached

26
Q

What is this?

A

5% dextrose solution

27
Q

What does 1L of 5% detrose contain?

A

50g dextrose in 1L water
Sugar in the fluid is metabolised to CO2 + water, you are essentially giving them water

28
Q

What is this?

A

Fluid giving set

29
Q

What are these?

A

Toothed Forceps (bottom)
Non-toothed Forceps (top)

30
Q

What are dissecting forceps often known as? What are they used for?

A

Ramsay Forceps
Used for grasping tissue
General rules:
* tooth only used for skin
* in peritoneal cavity, only non-tooth used

sHAka-KaN (5 decks)

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