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Paige - ID Module! > Travel/Vaccine Lecture (don't know how much of this we need to know) > Flashcards

Travel/Vaccine Lecture (don't know how much of this we need to know) Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 immunizations might be required if you’re traveling?

A

yellow fever and cholera

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2
Q

what type of vaccine is yellow fever

A

attenuated live virus

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3
Q

can you get the yellow virus vaccine anywhere?

A

no - only at designated centers

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4
Q

how long does the yellow fever vaccine give you protection for?

A

10y

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5
Q

where are risk areas for the yellow fever?

A

equatorial africa, central america, south america

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6
Q

how effective is the cholera vaccine?

A

has limited usefulness

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7
Q

how often do you need boosters of the cholera vaccine

A

every 3 mos

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8
Q

if you’re traveling from the US, do you need the cholera vaccine?

A

no

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9
Q

what are the 2 (well, 3) types of cholera vaccines?

A

inactivated parenteral and “experimental” (inactivated oral or attenuated live oral)

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10
Q

what are the downsides of the inactivated parenteral vaccine?

A

only 50% protection, lasts a few months, uncomfortable side effects

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11
Q

how often do you need a tetanus vaccine booster?

A

every 5y

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12
Q

what is the tdap vaccine?

A

tetanus and diptheria

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13
Q

how often do you need a tdap booster?

A

every 10y

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14
Q

which travelers get an MMR vaccine?

A

those who haven’t had 2 doses or have had a + titer

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15
Q

what type of vaccine is the MMR?

A

live attenuated

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16
Q

what should you avoid with the MMR vaccine

A

gamma globulin (whatever that means)

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17
Q

Which countries might you need the inactivated polio vaccine for?

A

india, nigeria, pakistan, afghanistan and somalia

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18
Q

what are the 2 types of polio vaccines?

A

inactivated parenteral and attenuated live oral

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19
Q

who gets the inactivated parenteral polio vaccine?

A

> 18y who have never been immunized

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20
Q

who gets the attenuated live oral polio vaccine?

A

anyone who needs a booster

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21
Q

what risk increases with each dose you get of the polio vaccine?

A

paralysis

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22
Q

what is the dosing for the varicella vaccine?

A

1 dose before the trip, 1 dose upon returning

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23
Q

who gets the pneumovax vaccine?

A

> 65y with chronic medical conditions

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24
Q

Which travelers get the influenza vaccine?

A

all

25
Q

during what months does the northern hemisphere get the influenza vaccine? southern?

A

northern is nov to mar. southern is april to sept

26
Q

what are the 2 types of typhoid vaccines?

A

attenuated live oral or inactivated parenteral

27
Q

how well do the typhoid vaccines work?

A

both work pretty well (60-70% effective)

28
Q

where is typhoid endemic?

A

central america, south america, india, africa

29
Q

how is typhoid transmitted?

A

food and water

30
Q

where is japanese encephalitis endemic?

A

india, china, korea, japan, SE asia

31
Q

how many shots do you need for the japanese encephalitis vaccine? is there a booster?

A

3 shots within 1 month. booster at 2 years

32
Q

what are s/e of the japanese encephalitis vaccine?

A

fever, HA, vom, angioedema, utricaria

33
Q

when should you administer an Hep A vaccine?

A

almost any traveler, especially peds

34
Q

what is twinrix?

A

hep a/b vaccine

35
Q

where is hep b endemic?

A

south america, africa, SE asia, south pacific

36
Q

what are the s/e of the hep b shot?

A

injection soreness, HA

37
Q

where is rabies endemic?

A

india, china, SE asia, the philippines, indonesia, latin america, africa, former USSR

38
Q

is there a rabies booster shot for travelers?

A

no

39
Q

where is meningitis endemic?

A

sub-saharian africa

40
Q

who is the meningitis vaccine required for?

A

pilgrims to Mecca

41
Q

is the meningitis vaccine routine for kids?

A

yes

42
Q

who gets the smallpox vaccine?

A

military

43
Q

what disease is called by the female anopheles mosquito?

A

malaria

44
Q

what are the 3 characteristics of the anopheles mosquito?

A

silent, night-biting, female

45
Q

where is there a highest risk of getting malaria?

A

africa and oceania

46
Q

how does malaria get into the body and where does it go?

A

there are sporozoites in mosquito saliva.. travels to the liver and RBCs

47
Q

which type of malaria bug is malignant?

A

plasmodia falciparum

48
Q

which type of malaria bug has a liver phase?

A

plasmodia vivax + ovale

49
Q

which type of malaria bug is chronic?

A

plasmodia malariae

50
Q

what are the sx of malaria?

A

fever, chills, HA, myalgias, nausea, diarrhea, abd pain, fatigue, confusion

51
Q

what is the timing of the fevers in malaria?

A

they are cyclic

52
Q

what are the 5 drug options for malaria chemoprophylaxis?

A

chloroquine, mefloquine, doxycycline, malarone, primaquine

53
Q

where are the high-risk areas for traveler’s diarrhea?

A

central and south america, south asia, africa

54
Q

what most commonly causes traveler’s diarrhea?

A

E. Coli

55
Q

what are the sx of traveler’s diarrhea?

A

abrupt loose stools, abd cramping, rectal emergency

56
Q

what should you look for at foreign restaurants before eating there?

A

if there are windows and door screens, how they contain the trash, what the restrooms are like, if there are roaches and flies

57
Q

what are the 6 symptomatic treatments for traveler’s diarrhea?

A

diet restrictions, pepto bismol, immodium, lomotil, lactobacillus, and rehydration

58
Q

is there a prophylaxis for traveler’s diarrhea?

A

yeah but you shouldn’t really give it. can give 1 dose of an FQ or Rifaximin in case they get sx, but ONLY to be taken if they get sx

59
Q

You should tell your pt to come in for post-travel care if they have what sx?

A

fever/chills/sweats, weight loss, persistent diarrhea

Paige - ID Module! (7 decks)

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