Traumatic Diseases Flashcards
Primary brain damage occurs from which 4 types of TBI?
diffuse axonal injury, focal injury, coup=contracoup, closed or open
Secondary brain damage occurs from which 3 types of TBI?
hypoxic-ischemic, swelling, or concussion
4 spinal levels of greatest frequency of SCI
C5, C7, T12, L1
ASIA A
Complete
Nothing below level, nothing to sacral segments S4-5
ASIA B
Incomplete
Sensory only present below level
ASIA C
Incomplete
Motor and Sensory present below level.
Motor grade less than 3.
ASIA D
Incomplete
Motor and Sensory present below level.
Motor grade more than 3.
ASIA E
Normal motor and sensory function.
Central Cord Syndrome
Damage to: medial tracts
Loss of: bilateral UE CST, bilateral STT. Preserved DCML.
Typical cause: hyperextension of cervical spine
Brown-Sequard Syndrome
Damage to: one half of the spinal cord
Loss of: contralateral STT (bilateral loss at level), ipsilateral DCML and CST.
Typical cause: gunshot or knife wound.
Anterior Cord Syndrome
Damage to: anterior half of spinal cord
Loss of: bilateral CST, bilateral STT, preserved DCML.
Posterior Cord Syndrom
Damage to: posterior half of spinal cord
Loss of: bilateral DCML, preserved CST and STT.
Cauda Equina
LMN injury
Damage to: long nerve roots at or below L1.
Flaccid paralysis with no spinal reflex, no bowers and bladder.
SCI at what level will impact breathing?
C3-5 (diaphragm)
Spinal Shock
Transient period of reflex depression and flaccidity. Lasts hours up to 24 weeks
