Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychopathology > Trauma + Stressor-Related Disorders (Morrison, Ch. 6) > Flashcards

Trauma + Stressor-Related Disorders (Morrison, Ch. 6) Flashcards

1
Q

What category is placed after Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, and before Dissociative Disorders in the DSM-5?

A

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which diagnosis is a childhood disorder, where client is emotionally withdrawn behavior from adult caregivers, manifested in rarely seeking comfort when distressed, and rarely responding to comfort when distressed?

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which diagnosis is when a client is experiencing persistent social/emotional disturbance in two of the following areas:
- Minimal social responsiveness to others
- Limited positive affect
- Periods of unexplained irritability, sadness or fearfulness during nonthreatening interactions with adult caregivers

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which diagnosis is when a child experienced a pattern of extremes of insufficient care, as evidenced by one of the following:
- Social neglect or deprivation, lacking basic emotional needs for comfort, stimulation and affection by caregiving adults
- Repeated changes of primary care givers that limit opportunities to form stable attachments (e.g., foster care)
- Reared in unusual setting that severely limit opportunities to form selective attachments (e.g., institutions with high child : caregiver ratios)

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For children with Reactive Attachment Disorder, which disorder do you need to rule out?

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asperger’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What age is disturbance evident in Reactive Attachment Disorder?

A

Before age 5, but after 9 months old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

With Reactive Attachment Disorder, _____ is absent or severely underdeveloped attachment between child and caregiving adults.

A

Essential feature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

________ is the only known risk factor for Reactive Attachment Disorder.

A

Serious social neglect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which diagnosis overlaps in etiology with Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder?

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The child actively approaches unfamiliar adults (2 of the following):
- Little reticence in approaching/interacting with unfamiliar adults
- Overly familiar social and verbal behavior (beyond age appropriate and socially sanctioned boundaries)
- Diminished checking in with adult caregiver after venturing away
- Willingness to go with unfamiliar adult with little hesitation

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which diagnosis includes an extreme situation of insufficient care:
- Social neglect or deprivation
- Frequent changes in foster care
- Limited opportunities to form selective attachments

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder is not due to _______.

A

Impulsivity or ADD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Must be at least _____ to be diagnosed with Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

A

9 months old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

“Relative to healthy adolescents, adolescents with _______ have more “superficial” peer relationships and more peer conflicts. Adult manifestations of the disorder appear to be similar but may include excessive self-disclosure and reduced stranger awareness”

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Morrison indicates that in both disorders (Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder), “a constant, nourishing relationship with a _______ is required to reestablish adequate physical and emotional growth”

A

Sensitive Caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened?

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

For _________, one of the criteria is: Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence (1 or more)
- Directly experiencing the traumatic event
- Witnessing, in person, the traumatic event as it occurs to others
- Learning the (violent/accidental) event that occurred to close family/friend
- Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of traumatic events (first responders/police involved with human remains or child abuse)

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The following are examples of a _____ from the DSM-5 connected to PTSD:
- Exposure to war
- Threatened or actual physical assault (robbery, mugging, sexual assault)
- Threatened or actual sexual violence
- Being kidnapped, taken hostage
- Terrorist attack
- Torture
- Natural or human-made disasters

A

Traumatic Event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

For Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), one of the criteria is: Presence of one or more ________ symptoms associated with the traumatic event (1 or more)
- recurrent, involuntary, distressing memories
- recurrent, distressing dreams related to trauma
- dissociative reactions such as flashbacks, feeling like an event is occurring (note continuum of dissociation)
- distress with exposure to internal or external cues that resemble some aspect of the traumatic event
- marked physiological reactions to such cues

A

“intrusion”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

For Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Persistent ________ of stimuli associated with the traumatic event (one or both of the following):
- Efforts to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings related to the traumatic event
- Efforts to avoid external reminders of the event
- People
- Places
- Conversations
- Activities
- Objects
- Situations

A

avoidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

For Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), __________ in cognition & mood associated with a traumatic event (2 or more)
- Loss of memory of events
- Persistent negative beliefs about self (I’m bad) or world (No one can be trusted)
- Distortions about causes or consequences of trauma resulting in blame of self or others
- Persistent negative emotional state (fear, horror, anger, guilt or shame)
- Markedly diminished interest in significant activities
- Feelings of detachment or estrangement from others
- Persistent inability to experience positive emotions (happiness, satisfaction, loving feelings)

A

Negative alterations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

For ______________, Marked arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic events (2 or more):
- Irritable behavior or angry outbursts, with little provocation, expressed as verbal/physical aggression toward others or objects
- Reckless or self-destructive behavior
- Hypervigilance
- Exaggerated startle response
- Problems with concentration
- Sleep disturbance

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The symptom duration for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is _________.

A

Greater than one month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

There is a separate criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) for ________.

A

Children 6 years and younger

25
Q

One popular screening instrument for PTSD is:

A

PCL-5

26
Q

The ________ is a 20-item screening instrument with a cut-off score between 31-33 indicating probable PTSD, but more research is needed.

A

PTSD checklist (PCL-5)

27
Q

Interpretation of the PCL-5 should be made my a _________

A

Clinician

28
Q

________: 5-item screening instrument with a cut-off score of 3, indicating the need to assess further

A

The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5)

29
Q

Estimated ________ American adults ages 18-54 have PTSD (___% of people in this age group)

A

5.2 million
3.6%

30
Q

Twice as many _____ as _____ are diagnosed with PTSD following exposure to trauma

A

women
men

31
Q

Co-occurring disorders with PTSD include ______, ______, ______.

A

Depression
Alcohol or other substance abuse
Anxiety disorders

32
Q

High Risk Persons for PTSD:
- __% of Vietnam veterans
- __% of Gulf War (Desert Storm)
- __% from war in Afghanistan
- __% from Iraq

A

30%
10%
11%
20%

33
Q

_______ involved in the aftermath of disasters such as 9/11 terrorist attacks have a higher risk for PTSD

A

Rescue workers

34
Q

_______ of accidents, rape, physical and sexual abuse have a higher risk for PTSD

A

Survivors

35
Q

_______ fleeing violence have a higher risk for PTSD

A

Immigrants

36
Q

Estimated ______ of Cambodia’s 7 million people died during the civil wars of the 1970s

A

3 million

37
Q

On average, refugees reported 15 of 35 types of _______:
- 99% nearly starved to death
- 96% were enslaved into forced labor
- 90% had a family member or friend murdered
- 54% were tortured
- Even after arrival, 34% had seen a dead body in the neighborhood

A

pre-migration traumas

38
Q

Survivors of earthquakes and floods and other natural disasters such as Hurricane Michael are at a higher risk for __________

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

39
Q

What is a commonality between the following groups of people?
- Family members of victims
- Survivors of severe traffic accidents
- Risk factor: Exposure to abuse or trauma as a child (e.g., children in New York following September 11 terrorist attacks)
- Domestic violence

A

They are all at a higher risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

40
Q

Empirically-Supported Treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are:

A
  • Exposure therapy (prolonged exposure therapy)
  • Cognitive processing therapy (CBT)
  • Medications such as SSRIs & other antidepressants
  • EMDR
  • Service dogs
41
Q

Which disorder has symptom patterns very similar to that of PTSD?

A

Acute Stress Disorder

42
Q

The major difference between PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder is the ______.

A

Duration of symptoms

43
Q

What is the duration difference between PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder?

A

PTSD - greater than 1 month
ASD - 3 days to 1 month after trauma exposure

44
Q

Which disorder contains the following:
- Development of symptoms to an identifiable stressor within 3 months of onset of the stressor
- Symptoms are clinically significant, leading to marked distress out of proportion to the stressor, or to significant impairment in social, occupational, or other functioning
- Symptoms do not persist any longer than 6 months beyond the termination of the stressor

A

Adjustment Disorders

45
Q

What are the subtupes of Adjustment Disorders?

A
  • With depressed mood
  • With anxiety
  • With mixed anxiety and depressed mood
  • With disturbance of conduct
  • With mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct
  • Unspecified
46
Q

Which disorder contains the following:
- A. The death, at least 12 months ago, of a person who was close to the bereaved individual (6 months ago for children and adolescents)
- B. Since the death, persistent grief response (1 or both symptoms nearly every day for the past month)
- 1. Intense yearning/longing for the deceased person
- 2. Preoccupation with thoughts or memories of the deceased person

A

Prolonged Grief Disorder

47
Q

For ____________, since the death, at least three of the following symptoms nearly every day for at least the past month:
1. Identity disruption (feeling like a part of oneself has died)
2. Marked sense of disbelief about the death
3. Avoidance of reminders that the person is dead
4. Intense emotional pain (anger, bitterness, sorrow) related to the death
5. Difficulty reintegrating into one’s relationships and activities after the death (planning for future, engaging with friends)
6. Emotional numbness as a result of the death
7. Feeling that life is meaningless as a result of the death
8. Intense loneliness as a result of the death

A

Prolonged Grief Disorder

48
Q

There is evidence of pathogenic care in a child who habitually doesn’t seek comfort from parents or surrogates.

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

49
Q

There is evidence of pathogenic care in a child who fails to show normal reticence in the company of strangers.

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

50
Q

These adolescents or adults repeatedly relive a severely traumatic event, such as combat or a natural disaster.

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

51
Q

Children repeatedly relive a severely traumatic event, such as car accidents, natural disasters, or war

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Preschool Students

52
Q

This condition is much like Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, except that it begins during or immediately after the stressful event and lasts a month or less

A

Acute Stress Disorder

53
Q

Following a stressor, an individual develops symptoms that disappear once the cause of stress has subsided

A

Adjustment Disorder

54
Q

The patient becomes anxious when separated from parent, other attachment figure, home

A

Separation Anxiety Disorder

55
Q

The underlying factor for Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders is that something _______ or _______ in the patient’s history appears to be at least partly responsible for the symptoms that develop

A

traumatic or stressful

56
Q

Lifetime prevalence of PTSD is estimated at about __%

A

9%

57
Q

In general, the more horrific or more enduring the trauma, the _____ the likelihood of developing PTSD.

A

greater

58
Q

What is an exaggerated startle response called?

A

Physiological Hyperarousal

59
Q

Patients of what disorder experience physiological hyperarousal and negative feelings (guilt/personal responsibility)?

A

PTSD

Psychopathology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions