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Psychopathology > Dissociative Disorders (Morrison, Ch. 7) > Flashcards

Dissociative Disorders (Morrison, Ch. 7) Flashcards

1
Q

The patient cannot remember important information that is usually of a personal nature. This amnesia is usually stress-related.

A

Dissociative Amnesia

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2
Q

One or more additional identities intermittently seize control of the patient’s behavior.

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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3
Q

There are episodes of detachment as if the patient is observing the patient’s own behavior from outside. In this condition, there is no actual memory loss.

A

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

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4
Q

Patients who have symptoms suggestive of any of the Dissociative Disorders, but who do not meet the criteria for any of them, may be placed in one of these two categories.

A

Other specified, or unspecified, dissociative disorder

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5
Q

Some patients panic may experience depersonalization or derealization as part of an acute ________.

A

Panic Attack

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6
Q

A month or more following a severe trauma, the patient may not remember important aspects of personal history.

A

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

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7
Q

Immediately following a severe trauma, patients may not remember important aspects of personal history.

A

Acute Stress Disorder

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8
Q

Patients who have a history of somatic symptoms that cannot be explained on the basis of known disease mechanisms can also forget important aspects of personal history.

A

Somatic Symptom Disorder

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9
Q

______ resembles the dissociative disorders, in that there is amnesia for purposeful behavior, but it is classified elsewhere in order to keep all the sleep disorders together.

A

Sleepwalking

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10
Q

When severely stressed, these people will sometimes experiences episodes of dissociation, such as depersonalization.

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

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11
Q

Some patients continuously feign symptoms of memory loss. Their object is material gain, such as avoiding punishment or obtaining money or drugs.

A

Malingering

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12
Q

_________ occurs when one group of normal mental processes becomes separated from the rest.

A

Dissociation

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13
Q

What is it called when some of an individual’s thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are removed from conscious awareness and control?

A

Dissociation

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14
Q

______ is defined as a sense of being cut off or detached from oneself with respect to thoughts, feelings, sensations, body or actions.

A

Depersonalization Disorder

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15
Q

_____ is a feeling that the exterior world is unreal or odd.

A

Derealization

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16
Q

Episodes of DDD (Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder) are often precipitated by ____.

A

stress

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17
Q

What is a temporary disruption in the normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior.”

A

Dissociation

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18
Q

______ spans range from minor or normative forms to major or more pathological forms.

A

Dissociation

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19
Q

In terms of the continuum of Dissociation, most normal individuals have __________ experiences (i.e. realizing you are driving after 5 min of zoning out)

A

“micro-dissociative”

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20
Q

What are the three principles of Dissociation?

A
  • Age-related to the capacity to dissociate – gradual decline in capacity with age
  • Certain developmental experiences increase the likelihood in later life (trauma, abuse)
  • Serves a protective function in face of trauma
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21
Q

Dissociation as a defense is initially _____ but becomes ______ as
life requires continuity of memory, behavior and sense of self

A

adaptive
maladaptive

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22
Q

The repeated use of dissociative defenses by the child – perhaps in face of repeated trauma (e.g., incest) – may lead to __________.

A

chronic dissociative disorder

23
Q

In ______, reality testing remains intact, some describe it as a dream-like state.

A

Depersonalization Disorder

24
Q

What are the following examples of?
- Sleep deprivation
- Travel to unfamiliar places
- Intoxication with mind-altering substance
- Exposure to life-threatening situation such as near-fatal accident

A

Mild Depersonalization

25
Q

The four most common features of Depersonalization Disorder are:

A
  • Altered sense of self (“My body doesn’t belong to me”)
  • Precipitating event (accident, substance use)
  • A sense of unreality or a dream-like state (“Nothing seems real”)
  • Sensory alterations (“Colors are less vibrant,” or “Voices sound strange”)
26
Q

Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings (e.g., individuals or objects are experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, lifeless, or visually distorted

A

Derealization Disorder

27
Q

What is the same as Depersonalization Disorder, except for the meaning of _____?

A

Derealization

28
Q

“Psychologically-induced memory loss” is ______.

A

Dissociative Amnesia

29
Q

What disorder is the inability to remember important autobiographical information, usually of traumatic or stressful nature, inconsistent with
ordinary forgetting? This often occurs after severe physical or psychosocial
stressors (war, natural disasters).

A

Dissociative Amnesia

30
Q

If Amnesia includes _______,
- Amnesia plus flight (inability to recall one’s past and assumption of a new identity)
- Often involves sudden unexpected travel away from work or home
- Often occur in psychologically stressful environments (war or natural disaster)
- Can last for months

A

Dissociative Fugue

31
Q

Which disorder is characterized by the presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self
- At least 2 of these identities recurrently take control of the person’s behavior
- Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder

32
Q

Hierarchical Relationship with DD’s

A

Upside-down triangle:
Top Layer: Dissociative Identity Disorder
Middle Layer: Dissociative Amnesia (Note if with Dissociative Fugue)
Bottom Layer (point): Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

33
Q

_____ was a 1973 book by Flora Schreiber about the treatment of ____ Dorsett (a pseudonym for Shirley Ardell Mason) for dissociative identity disorder (then referred to as multiple personality disorder) by her psychoanalyst, Cornelia Wilbur

A

Sybil

34
Q

Sybil was originally in treatment for social anxiety and memory loss. After extended therapy involving amobarbital and hypnosis, Sybil manifests ________. Wilbur encouraged Sybil’s various selves to communicate and reveal information about her life. There is some controversy over this story.

A

sixteen personalities

35
Q

The following statements show ______:
- After extended therapy involving amobarbital and hypnosis, Sybil manifests sixteen personalities”
- The story of the student who couldn’t
remember her trauma and was then given amobarbital

A

Dissociation as a Defense

36
Q

The Three Faces of ____ is a 1957 American film adaptation of a case study by Thigpen and Cleckley
- Based on the true story of Chris Costner Sizemore, also known as Eve White
- Sizemore’s identity was not revealed to the public until 20 years later
- Wrote book named, “I’m ____” (1977)

A

Eve

37
Q

Kluft’s 4-Factory Theory of DID include:

A
  • Biological Capacity to Dissociate
  • Traumatic Life Experiences (97%)
  • Shaping Influences/particular type of psychological structure
  • Absence of Restorative and Soothing Experiences
38
Q

Psychotherapy with ____ will be long-term and should either be referred to a therapist with pertinent experience or need to seek supervision

A

DID (dissociative identity disorders)

39
Q

_______ have no proven value in treating dissociative disorders, though some with depersonalization disorder may benefit from an antidepressant

A

Medications

40
Q

Prevalence rates of DDD in the general population appear to be around ___%, with males and females nearly equal.

A

1-2%

41
Q

The onset of Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder (DDD) is in the _____ and is usually chronic.

A

teens or early 20s.

42
Q

DDD stands for:

A

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

43
Q

DID stands for:

A

Dissociative Identity Disorders

44
Q

For a patient with Dissociative Amnesia, ______ is when the patient has recall for none of the events that occurred within a particular timeframe.

A

Localized

45
Q

For a patient with Dissociative Amnesia, ______ is when certain portions of a time period, such as the birth of a child, have been forgotten.

A

Selective

46
Q

________ begins suddenly, usually following severe stress such as physical injury, guilt about an extramarital affair, abandonment by a spouse, or internal conflict over sexual issues.

A

Dissociative Amnesia (DA)

47
Q

For a patient with Dissociative Amnesia, ______ is when all the experiences during a patient’s lifetime have been forgotten.

A

Generalized

48
Q

For a patient with Dissociative Amnesia, ______ is when the patient forgets all events from a given time forward to the present (this is now extremely rare).

A

Continuous

49
Q

For a patient with Dissociative Amnesia, ______ is when the patient has forgotten certain classes of information, such as that relating to family or to work.

A

Systematized

50
Q

DID (Dissociative Identity Disorder) affects up to __% of the general population.

A

1%

51
Q

For patients with DID (Dissociative Identity Disorder), the transition from one to another is usually sudden, often precipitated by _____.

A

Stress

52
Q

______ has often been confused with DID (Dissociative Identity Disorder), primarily by laypeople who equate “split personality” (which is how many people come to characterize _______) with multiple personality disorder, which is the old name for DID.

A

Schiziophrenia

53
Q

Multiple personality disorder is the old name for _____

A

DID (Dissociative Identity Disorder)

Psychopathology (7 decks)

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