TRAUMA: Shock, Chest, Head, Spinal, Abdominal and Orthopedic Injuries

Question 1

What is the main concern with injuries to solid organs? What is the onset of death and what is it due to?

Answer 1

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Question 2

What is the main concern with injuries to hollow organs? What is the onset of death and what is it due to?

Answer 2

–

Question 3

Define acute abdominal pain.

Answer 3

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Question 4

Define peritoneum.

Answer 4

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Question 5

Define referred pain.

Answer 5

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Question 6

What is peritonitis?

Answer 6

–

Question 7

Describe somatic pain.

Answer 7

superficial-deep pain | well localized | throbbing/aching

Question 8

What is coffee ground emesis?

Answer 8

–

Question 9

What is hematochezia?

Answer 9

–

Question 10

What is melena?

Answer 10

–

Question 11

Describe visceral pain.

Answer 11

to hollow organs and smooth muscle | referred pain | swelling nausea and pallor

Question 12

How do you assess abdominal pain?

Answer 12

palpate all 4 quadrants ending in the painful quadrant | ask for last BM and oral intake

Question 13

Signs and Symptoms for upper GI bleed.

Answer 13

melena | coffee-ground vomit | vomiting bright red blood

Question 14

Signs and Symptoms for lower GI bleed.

Answer 14

blood in stools

Question 15

Signs and Symptoms for esophageal varices.

Answer 15

bleeding of esophagus

Question 16

What is esophageal varices?

Answer 16

enlarged veins and arteries in esophagus due to alcohol abuse

Question 17

Signs and Symptoms for appendicitis.

Answer 17

sharp pain in RLQ | NV and fever/chills

Question 18

Signs and Symptoms for pancreatitis.

Answer 18

referred back pain | abdominal distention

Question 19

What is pancreatitis?

Answer 19

inflammation of pancreas

Question 20

Signs and Symptoms for cholescystitis?

Answer 20

jaundice | RUQ/epigastric pain | fever/leukocytosis | abdominal distention

Question 21

What is cholecystitis?

Answer 21

inflammation of bladder due to gallstones

Question 22

Signs and Symptoms for kidney stones.

Answer 22

hematuria | flank pain | sharp sudden severe pain

Question 23

Signs and Symptoms for splenomegaly.

Answer 23

LUQ palpable mass | abdominal pain

Question 24

Signs and Symptoms for AAA.

Answer 24

abdominal and back pain | pulsating mass palpated | hypotension

Question 25

Signs and Symptoms for pelvic inflammatory disease.

Answer 25

abnormal vaginal discharge | RUQ and lower abd pain | suprapubic tenderness | cloudy urine

Question 26

Signs and Symptoms for testicular torsion.

Answer 26

sudden strong pain in testicles

Question 27

What are ligaments?

Answer 27

connect bone to bone

Question 28

What are tendons?

Answer 28

connect muscle to bone

Question 29

What is a sprain?

Answer 29

stretching/tearing of the TENDONS or LIGAMENTS

Question 30

What is a strain?

Answer 30

stretching/tearing of the muscle

Question 31

How can you help a patient with pain?

Answer 31

can’t do much, ALS protocol

Question 32

How would you splint an injury of a long bone?

Answer 32

splint joints above and below

Question 33

How would you splint an injury of a joint?

Answer 33

splint long bones above and below

Question 34

How would you position an injury?

Answer 34

anatomically or that of comfort

Question 35

How would you treat a dislocation?

Answer 35

NEVER pop it back into place | position limb as you found it

Question 36

How can you tell if someone has a hip fracture?

Answer 36

one of the legs will appear shorter

Question 37

How will you splint a hip fracture?

Answer 37

use backboard

Question 38

What are the 2 fractured bones would you be most worried about and why?

Answer 38

femur and pelvis = due to the amount of bleeding it will cause, very close to big arteries

Question 39

What are the 3 indications for re-aligning an angulated fracture

Answer 39

fracture (not dislocation) | NO PULSE | angulated

Question 40

How many times can you align an angulated fracture?

Answer 40

ONE TIME