Trauma Imaging #2

Question 1

Trauma is defined as?

Answer 1

A severe injury or damage to the body caused by an accident or violence

Question 2

Trauma most commonly happens with, Males or Females?

Answer 2

Males (Teenagers to early adults)

Question 3

The most common trauma injury is what?

Answer 3

Motor vehicle accidents (MVA)

Question 4

Level 1 trauma centers?

Answer 4

Most comprehensive emergency medical care-24hrs per day: University-based, Research facility, and large medical center

Question 5

Level 2 trauma centers?

Answer 5

Same as level 1 but differ by facilities, not a research or teaching center and availability of physicians on site

Question 6

Level 3 trauma centers?

Answer 6

Smaller centers, not all specialists are available but can resuscitate, stabilize, and prepare a patient for transfer to a larger trauma center

Question 7

Level 4 trauma centers?

Most Basic

Answer 7

Clinic or outpatient facility, provide care for minor injuries. But can stabilize, and prepare a patient for transfer to a larger trauma center

Question 8

What are the 4 trauma forces?

Answer 8

Blunt Trauma=MVA, collisions, falls, aggravated assault
Penetrating Trauma=Gunshot, stabbing, foreign body ingestion or aspiration
Explosive Trauma=Shock wave, projectiles, and burns
Heat/Burns=Fire, steam, chemicals, frostbite

Question 9

What is the first imaging modality used?

Answer 9

CT scans

Question 10

Trauma patients require more maneuvering of the tube and IR instead of them, True or False?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

C-Arm imaging for trauma are most commonly used for?

Answer 11

Fracture reduction, Foreign body localization in limbs, and Reduction of joint dislocatons

Question 12

Positioning principle #1?

Answer 12

2 projections at 90 degrees to each other (Need to do a AP and Lateral projection). Maintaining alignment of CR to IR, if IR is not maintained can result in distortion

Question 13

Positioning principle #2?

Answer 13

Entire structure is included on image, always include joints spaces

Question 14

Positioning principle #3?

Answer 14

Maintain safety for patient, healthcare works, and public

Question 15

Luxation and subluxation means?

Answer 15

Dislocation and Partial dislocation

Question 16

Fracture alignments?

Answer 16

Anatomic apposition= end to end contact
Distraction or Lack of apposition= aligned but pulled apart
Bayonet apposition= overlap and make contact

Question 17

Varus deformity means?

Answer 17

Distal fragment angled toward mid-line of body (Lateral apex points away)

Question 18

Valgus deformity means?

Answer 18

Distal fragment angled away from mid-line of the body (Apex points toward mid-line)

Question 19

A patient has a fracture on one side of the bone but do the other, what fracture occurred?

Answer 19

Greenstick (AKA Hickory or Willow stick)

Question 20

What fracture results from buckling of the cortex but no complete break?

Answer 20

Torus

Question 21

A fracture that results in 3 pieces and the middle piece is broken at both ends is what?

Answer 21

A segmental Fracture

Question 22

A butterfly fracture is what?

Answer 22

Two fragments on each side of a wedge shaped separate fragments

Question 23

With a fiberglass cast you increase what?

Answer 23

kVp by 3 to 4 kV

Question 24

With a medium plaster cast you increase what?

Answer 24

kVp by 5 to 7 kV

Question 25

With a large plaster cast you increase what?

Answer 25

kVp by 8 to 10 kV

Question 26

Positioning a trauma patient for an AP projection you move from?

Answer 26

Superiorly to inferiorly

Question 27

Positioning a trauma patient for an Lateral projection you move from?

Answer 27

Inferiorly to superiorly

Question 28

The greatest exposure to patients and medical staff is from fluoroscopic procedures, True or False?

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What type of shock should a radiographer be aware of when imaging patients with pelvic fractures?

Answer 29

Hemorrhagic Shock