Trauma Imaging #2 Flashcards
Trauma is defined as?
A severe injury or damage to the body caused by an accident or violence
Trauma most commonly happens with, Males or Females?
Males (Teenagers to early adults)
The most common trauma injury is what?
Motor vehicle accidents (MVA)
Level 1 trauma centers?
Most comprehensive emergency medical care-24hrs per day: University-based, Research facility, and large medical center
Level 2 trauma centers?
Same as level 1 but differ by facilities, not a research or teaching center and availability of physicians on site
Level 3 trauma centers?
Smaller centers, not all specialists are available but can resuscitate, stabilize, and prepare a patient for transfer to a larger trauma center
Level 4 trauma centers?
Most Basic
Clinic or outpatient facility, provide care for minor injuries. But can stabilize, and prepare a patient for transfer to a larger trauma center
What are the 4 trauma forces?
Blunt Trauma=MVA, collisions, falls, aggravated assault
Penetrating Trauma=Gunshot, stabbing, foreign body ingestion or aspiration
Explosive Trauma=Shock wave, projectiles, and burns
Heat/Burns=Fire, steam, chemicals, frostbite
What is the first imaging modality used?
CT scans
Trauma patients require more maneuvering of the tube and IR instead of them, True or False?
True
C-Arm imaging for trauma are most commonly used for?
Fracture reduction, Foreign body localization in limbs, and Reduction of joint dislocatons
Positioning principle #1?
2 projections at 90 degrees to each other (Need to do a AP and Lateral projection). Maintaining alignment of CR to IR, if IR is not maintained can result in distortion
Positioning principle #2?
Entire structure is included on image, always include joints spaces
Positioning principle #3?
Maintain safety for patient, healthcare works, and public
Luxation and subluxation means?
Dislocation and Partial dislocation
Fracture alignments?
Anatomic apposition= end to end contact
Distraction or Lack of apposition= aligned but pulled apart
Bayonet apposition= overlap and make contact
Varus deformity means?
Distal fragment angled toward mid-line of body (Lateral apex points away)
Valgus deformity means?
Distal fragment angled away from mid-line of the body (Apex points toward mid-line)
A patient has a fracture on one side of the bone but do the other, what fracture occurred?
Greenstick (AKA Hickory or Willow stick)
What fracture results from buckling of the cortex but no complete break?
Torus
A fracture that results in 3 pieces and the middle piece is broken at both ends is what?
A segmental Fracture
A butterfly fracture is what?
Two fragments on each side of a wedge shaped separate fragments
With a fiberglass cast you increase what?
kVp by 3 to 4 kV
With a medium plaster cast you increase what?
kVp by 5 to 7 kV
With a large plaster cast you increase what?
kVp by 8 to 10 kV
Positioning a trauma patient for an AP projection you move from?
Superiorly to inferiorly
Positioning a trauma patient for an Lateral projection you move from?
Inferiorly to superiorly
The greatest exposure to patients and medical staff is from fluoroscopic procedures, True or False?
True
What type of shock should a radiographer be aware of when imaging patients with pelvic fractures?
Hemorrhagic Shock
