Alternative Radiographic Procedures and Medical Devices #4 Flashcards
Cholegraphy means?
Study of the biliary system
Cholecystography means?
Investigation of the gallbladder
Cholangiography means?
Study of the biliary ducts
Patency means?
Openness; the condition of not being blocked
What is a preoperative exam that is used to place a drainage catheter for treatment of obstructive jaundice and used for dilated ductal system?
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC)
Utilizes a chiba or skinny needle
What is a postoperative exam that is performed with a T-shaped (only placed during an open surgical procedure) or pigtail-shaped (which requires laparoscopic; placed percutaneously) catheter left in the common hepatic and common bile ducts for drainage?
Postoperative (T-Tube) Cholangiography
What exam demonstrates the caliber and patency of ducts using water-soluble iodinated contrast with density no more than 25% to 30%?
Postoperative (T-Tube) Cholangiography
- Drainage tube is clamped the day before
- NPO for 8 hrs, cleaning enema 1 hr before exam
- Patient in RPO position
What exam is used to diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathology by a fiberoptic endoscope inserted through the mouth into the duodenum to inject contrast in the common bile duct?
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiooancreatography (ERCP)
- Contrast Drains within 5 mins*
- NPO 1 hr after and food up to 10hrs after
ERCP can also be a therapeutic procedure, True or False?
True
In the lungs, fluid accumulates at the base at the 5th to 6th intercostal space at midaxillary and air rises to the 2nd to 3rd intercostal space at midclavicle, what tubing would help drain?
Thoracostomy or Intrapleural tubes
- Attaches to a water-sealed drainage unit containing sterile water or saline*
- Tube must stay below water level to maintain a seal*
Lungs fail to expand or collapse with negative pressure which can result from what?
Pneumothorax= Air in the thoracic cavity
Hemothorax= Blood in the thoracic cavity
Pleural effusion= Fluid
Empyema= Closed air sacs
A mediastinal drain is used when?
After cardiac surgery for residual blood
Endotracheal tube prevents aspiration of foreign objects being inserted through the mouth into he trachea or through the tracheostomy, True or False?
True
- Correct placement is 5 to 7 cm above carina*
- 20% of them require repositioning *
- Too far collapses the left lung, too high air goes into the stomach which could lead to aspiration pneumonia*
Tracheostomy is generally performed with patients intubated longer than 1-3 weeks or patients with upper airway obstruction, True or False?
True
Central Venous Catheters is used for?
Long-term medication administration Frequent blood transfusion Hyperosmolar solutions Total parenteral nutrition Partial parenteral nutrition
Hickman or Broviac are known as what type of catheter?
Tunnel Type, has more than one lumen with several access ports
What type of catheter would be used for a patient under going chemotherapy?
Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
What catheter would be used for frequent intravenous medication or transfusions that needs a Huber needle for access?
Implanted Port
What type of feeding tube pass into the duodenum by peristalsis?
Nasoenteric Tube
Name some common NG tubes?
Levin= Single lumen with holes near tip
Sump tube= double lumen; second is referred as pigtail, blue extension
Nutriflex= Primarily for feeding, Mercury weighted tip
Moss tube= Triple lumen; one has an inflatable balloon to the stomach, second is for aspiration of fluids, third is for duodenal feeding
Sengstaken-Blakmore (S_B Tube)= Triple lumen; two of them with balloons for bleeding in the esophageal, third is for lavage and monitors hemorrhage * ICU patients*
What are the most common NE tubes?
Cantor= Single lumen Harris= Single lumen Miller-Abbott= double lumen; one for intestinal decompression, second is for introduction of mercury after insertion
Entriflex or Dobhoff tubes are narrow lumen NE tubes that are thinner and more flexible then NG tubes, True or False?
True, Not used with suction and can stay in for a longer period of time. Position in the 3rd portion of the duodenum.
What is the most common G-tube?
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
- Inserted through small intestines into the stomach or jejunum*
- Endoscopy procedure, surgery*
Defecogram is also known as what?
Defecography, Evaluation proctography, Dynamic Rectal Exam
*Images are taken at 1 to 2 per second
