Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 16 Psychiatry Module 7 > Trauma disorders > Flashcards

Trauma disorders Flashcards

1
Q

How are memories formed?

A

Perception and Experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are memories retained?

A

Reinforcement – repetition and reward (so kulang mag 1 read lang)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are memories recalled?

A

Context

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Three types of memory according to retention duration

A

Immediate, working, and long-term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Type of memory according to retention duration that is just usually a snapshot or point in the environment. In milliseconds.

A

Immediate Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type of memory according to retention duration where you remember an event and this include facts, observation, and information useful for a particular task. In minutes.

A

Working memory (Ang gina muno ni Doc Licup nga dapat ang mga basics mangin part don kadaya hay gamiton ta on a daily basis.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does working memory get consolidated?

A

Hippocampus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The more emotionally uninvolved you are on a certain experience, the more you will recall it.

A

False (Must be more emotionally involved)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Type of memory according to retention duration that is the consolidation of working memory. Hours to many years.

A

Long-Term Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which structures do storage of long-term memory depend on?

A

Prefrontal Cortex and Inferior Temporal Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Two types of memory according to function

A

Declarative and Procedural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Type of memory according to function which is memory in words and is a conscious recall.

A

Declarative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Type of memory according to function which is memory in pictures, might be unconscious, preconscious, subconscious and is involved in skills and habits.

A

Procedural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is there infantile amnesia?

A

There is a lack of words to describe experiences during ≤2 y.o.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

It is the link between emotion, stress, and memory.

A

Memory Modulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It happens during recall and is the chance to change the memory everytime it is recalled.

A

Reconsolidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Emotion or feeling is evoked to stimulate recall of memories long ‘forgotten’ by an individual.

A

Unconscious Recall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Primary neurotransmitter that helps store memories in a way that they are easy to remember.

A

Glutamate/Glutamic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Neurotransmitter present during hyperarousal.

A

Glutamate/Glutamic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Block the action of glutamate thus calms and makes an individual sleep

A

GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GABA receptor that works in tandem with glutamate receptors to balance the excitation of the brain in response to external events such as stress.

A

Synaptic GABA receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

GABA receptor that is internally modulated and ignore glutamate. Involved in memory in dream states.

A

Extra-Synaptic GABA receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

GABA receptor that changes the brain’s state to make us aroused, sleepy, alert, sedated, inebriated or even psychotic

A

Extra-Synaptic GABA receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

GABA receptor that helps encode memories of fear-inducing event and stores them away from consciousness.

A

Extra-Synaptic GABA receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If a traumatic event occurs when extra-synaptic GABA receptors are activated, the memory of this event can be accessed unless these receptors are activated once again.

A

False (memory of event can’t be accessed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Critical for retrieval of intermediate-term contextual and spatial memories but not necessary for retrieval of consolidation of memories in general.

A

Adrenergic signaling (Epinephrine and Norepinephrine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Role of Norepinephrine in retrieval of memory requires signaling through which receptor in the hippocampus?

A

β1-adrenergic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Disorder based on narrower trauma criteria that focus on acute life threatening situation, serious injury, or sexual violence by way of direct or indirect confrontation.

A

PTSD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

It refers to a great misfortune causing great amount of material damage and human suffering and overwhelms the coping mechanism.

A

Disaster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which is more traumatizing, natural vs. human caused?

A

Human caused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which is more traumatizing, visible impact vs. low point (no physical evidence)?

A

Low point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Duration before post traumatic stress response is considered a disorder?

A

~ 8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Prevalence of PTSD on general population?

A

5 – 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

It is a fight or flight or freeze response.

A

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Duration of acute stress syndrome.

A

3 days to 1 month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

T or F: Younger age group is less prone to PTSD.

A

False (more prone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

In which level of the brain do differences in person’s responses to trauma could be seen?

A

Limbic System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

T or F: Main problem in trauma is separating feelings from event or thought because it is difficult to deal with.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Trauma and stressor related disorder where child is more withdrawn, isolated, and regressed. He/she is internalizing.

A

Reactive Attachment Disorder

40
Q

Trauma and stressor related disorder where child is more aggressive and violent and is prone to risk taking behaviors which is a result of social or parental neglect.

A

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

41
Q

These are thought processes referable to the cortex which includes flashbacks, nightmares, and recurrent dreams and are involved in the repetition of an event.

A

Intrusion Symptoms

42
Q

These are symptoms referable to the limbic system and is the avoidance of stimuli triggering flashback

A

Avoidance Symptoms

43
Q

In DSM 5, what are the other responses to trauma aside from anxiety

A

Anhedonia, dysphoria, externalizing angry and aggressive behaviors, and dissociative symptoms

44
Q

What are the only symptoms in response to trauma that can be treated with SSRI?

A

Anxiety, anhedonia, fight or flight response

45
Q

T or F: Acute stress disorder requires acute treatment during the late course after traumatic event.

A

False (early course)

46
Q

Symptoms persist ≥1 month.

A

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

47
Q

Symptoms persist 3 days to 1 month.

A

Acute Stress Disorder

48
Q

Disorder where patient exhibits all symptoms of trauma but there is no actual threat.

A

Adjustment Disorder

49
Q

T or F: Early intervention after extreme and widespread disaster is not recommended.

A

False (recommended)

50
Q

T or F: Treat patients after disaster even if they seem okay or has no symptoms.

A

True

51
Q

T or F: Family context is central to understanding and meeting patient’s needs.

A

True

52
Q

T or F: There is no close connection between psychological aspects of human experience and his social experiences.

A

False (there is close connection)

53
Q

This refers to the non biological local and outside support and aims to protect or promote psychosocial well-being. Its goals are preventive.

A

Psychosocial Intervention

54
Q

T or F: Psychosocial intervention has to be done by specialists only.

A

False (even students can do it)

55
Q

Five empirically supported intervention principles at early to midterm stages promote

A

Sense of safety, calming, sense of self and community efficacy, connectedness, hope

56
Q

Most acute stress problems during acute emergencies are best managed with medication.

A

False (do not immediately give benzodiazepines, numbing the patient dissociates his affect to the event and disrupts normal reactions further increasing PTSD)

57
Q

Principles of psychological first aid

A

Non intrusive emotional support, coverage of basic needs, protection from further harm, and organization of social support and networks

58
Q

It is important that patients are consulted and involved in important decisions.

A

True

59
Q

T or F: Some dangers of one session debriefing are: non homogenous group, vicarious traumatization, readiness to disclose, confidentiality

A

True

60
Q

T or F: Provide psychological first aid prior to provision of basic needs.

A

False (basic needs provided first)

61
Q

T or F: Psychological first aid provides opportunity for survivors to talk about the events but without pressure, convey genuine compassion to survivors, asking for concerns, discouraging negative ways of coping, encourage participation in daily routines, encourage company from family or friends, and offering possibility to return for further support.

A

True

62
Q

T or F: Physician must listen intently in an accepting and non judgmental manner in doing psychological first aid.

A

True

63
Q

T or F: Psychological first aid is professional counseling and psychological debriefing.

A

False (it is neither of the two)

64
Q

T or F: Psychological first aid prevents PTSD.

A

True

65
Q

PTSD patients can be given with what medications toaddress physiological/sympathomimetic symptoms?

A

Dopaminergic or serotonergic drugs

66
Q

It is antipsychotic and is recommended patient with PTSD especially patients with flashbacks and intrusive thought.

A

Quetiapine

67
Q

Given to PTSD patients that have more mood symptoms.

A

SSRIs

68
Q

It has quick adrenergic effect such as palpitation.

A

SNRI (venlafaxine)

69
Q

T or F: Addressing psychosocial stressors involve offering an opportunity to talk in private, asking for current stressors, assessing any form of abuse, brainstorming for solutions or coping, identifying support from family, involving px in self-help, and not giving advice but helping them come up with a solution for themselves.

A

True

70
Q

Primary problems for those who experienced trauma

A

Disempowerment and disconnection

71
Q

This happens when patient feels helpless during the abuse.

A

Disempowerment

72
Q

This happens when Patients are able to control when they want to remember or not and the emotions that go with it.

A

Empowerment

73
Q

This happens when the traumatic memory is separate from all other events in the life of the patient.

A

Disconnection

74
Q

The goal of therapy in trauma

A

Social connectedness

75
Q

A sense of separateness, flexibility and self possession sufficient to define one’s self interest and diminishes feeling of helplessness

A

Autonomy

76
Q

Basic capacities to build

A

Trust, autonomy, initiative, competence, identify, intimacy

77
Q

T or F; Survivor must be the author and arbiter of her own recovery

A

True

78
Q

Three stages of recovery

A
  1. Establishing safety,
  2. reconstructing traumatic history,
  3. restoring connection between survivor and community
79
Q

T or F: Because recovery occurs in stages, intervention and management must be appropriate at each stage

A

True

80
Q

This begins by focusing control of the body and gradually moves outward toward controlling the environment

A

Establishing safety

81
Q

No single dramatic event marks the completion of the first stage of recovery

A

True

82
Q

The stage of recovery where traumatic memory transformed and integrated into the survivor’s life

A

Reconstructing

83
Q

Avoiding the traumatic memory leads to stagnation while approaching prematurely leads to fruitless and damaging reliving of the trauma

A

True

84
Q

This is the most difficult period of recovery

A

Reconstructing

85
Q

The second stage is completed when the telling of the trauma story no longer arouses such intense feeling

A

True

86
Q

Stage of recovery where the traumatized person recognizes the effects of the trauma, now he/she is ready to incorporate the lessons of her traumatic experience into her life

A

Reconnection

87
Q

T or F: It is important that the therapist have the same outlook with the patient

A

True

88
Q

The impact of a traumatic event does not continue to reverberate throughout the survivor’s life cycle

A

False (it continues)

89
Q

Best indices of resolution are the survivor’s restored capacity to take pleasure in life and to engage fully in relationships with others

A

True

90
Q

Rapes are committed by people from all economic levels, all races, all occupation

A

True

91
Q

T or F: Incest is rare

A

False (not rare)

92
Q

T or F: Sexual molestation occurs at the highest rate among school age group

A

True

93
Q

T or F: Rape is sex

A

False (it is not sex)

94
Q

T or F: While sexual attraction may be influential, power, control and anger are the primary motives.

A

True

95
Q

It is doing something or failing to do something that results in harm to a child or puts a child at risk of harm

A

Child abuse

Block 16 Psychiatry Module 7 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions