Nature of anxiety and Anxiety disorders Flashcards
T or F Norepinephrine and Noradrenailne is the same
F: Norepinephrine and adrenaline is one and the same not NORadrenaline
Anxiety occurs when there is a conflict between what structures
Id and superego
What is the main difference between fear and anxiety
Fear is sudden and anxiety is insidious
How can anxiety be advantageous?
It helps in novel situations, it can heighten one’s awareness and prepare a defense to threatening situations
This stimulate the release of adrenaline
Sympathetic nervous system
What does the inverted U-shaped relationship between Performance and arousal mean?
It shows that low and high levels of anxiety is correlated to poor performance, but if there’s moderate anxiety it can lead to maximum performance
Biological seat of anxiety
Locus Coeruleus
Psychological seat of anxiety
Ego
The locus Coeruleus supplies ¾ of the brain’s what?
Norepinephrine
2 sources of drive according to the structural model of anxiety
Sexual drive
Aggressive drive
Medical condition that can cause anxiety
Thyrotoxicosis
T or F prevalence of anxiety increases among the rich people
F: prevalence decreases with higher socioeconomic status
a panic attack for which there is no obvious cue or trigger at the time of occurrence.
Unexpected panic attack
an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes
Panic attack
Why panic disorders are more common in women
Due to hormonal disposition
Only social factor identified as contributing to the dvp of panic d/o
Recent history of divorce or separation
Main manifestation of panic d/o
Panic attack
One of the gold standard for panic attacks
Benzodiazepam - Alprazolam (Xanax in US Xanor in Ph)
Main feature of social anxiety/social phobia
Fear of being judged or criticized
T or F performance social phobia may refer to public speaking, it common and should be given medical treatment.
F: does not require medical treatment since it’s not everyday that a person is required to do public speaking and recitals
Common reaction in generalized social phobia
Avoidance
Specific phobia is previously called as
Simple phobia
T or F specific phobias tends to run in families
T: 2/3 to ¾ of affected have atleast 1 first degree relative with specific phobia of the same type
Ophidiophobia is a fear of
Snakes
Phallophobia is a fear of
Just look it up
In this theory anxiety is a drive that motivates the organism to do what it can to obviate painful effect
Operant conditioning theory
In this thory it states that anxiety is a result of conflict centered on unresolved oedipal complex
Psychoanalytic
How does exposure therapy works?
It desentisizes the patient using a series of gradual exposure to phobic stimulus
Most studied and most effective treatment for phobias
Behavioral therapy
How does behavioral therapy work?
It exposes the patient to the phobic stimulus graded in hierarchy until there is desensitization to each stimulus in the scale
Drug of choice for panic attacks
Alprazolam
excessive anxiety and worry about several events/activities for most days during at a least 6 month period.
Generalized anxiety disorder
2nd most common psychiatric d/o after depression
GAD
In psychoanalytic theory anxiety is a symptom of
Unresolved unconscious conflict
Behavioral approaches in psychotherapy addresses what symptoms
Somatic
What is the goal psychodynamic therapy
Increase patient’s anxiety tolerance rather than eliminate
Medical conditions that may present with anxiety
Tumors Hypoxia Hyperthyroidism (thyroid storm) MI Hypoglycemia
Triad of PTSD
- Re-experiencing of trauma through dreams and waking thoughts
- Persistent avoidance of reminders to trauma
- Persistent hyperarousal
