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Block 16 Psychiatry Module 7 > Neurological Correlates > Flashcards

Neurological Correlates Flashcards

1
Q

Define redundancy

A

Servicing of motor,sensory and cognitive functions through more than one neural pathway

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2
Q

Cognitive functions that control complex, goal-directed thought and behaviour

A

Executive functions

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3
Q

The registration of physical stimuli from the environment by sensory organs

A

Sensation

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4
Q

The interpretation of sensations

A

Perception

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5
Q

Methods used to process information unconsciously

A

Preattentive processes

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6
Q

Methods used to process information consciously

A

Attentive Processes

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7
Q

Detection and discrimination of relevant stimuli

A

Sensory filtration

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8
Q

The smallest amount of stimulus detectable 50% of the time

A

Absolute threshold

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9
Q

The smallest amount of stimulus detectable between two different stimuli 50% of the time

A

Just noticeable difference

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10
Q

Tendency of senses o get used to stimuli and cease to respond

A

Sensory adaptation

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11
Q

What is Cocktail party effect

A

Ability to focus on important data while filetring unimportant data

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12
Q

Fleeting, shot-lived mental representations which may be conceptual, idea-like, picture-like, vivid, vague, etc

A

Thots

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13
Q

The way a person puts together ideas and associations

A

Thought process

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14
Q

The trilogy in mental disorders

A
  1. Cognition
  2. Emotion
  3. Motivation
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15
Q

Area regulating working memory

A

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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16
Q

Area regulating attention

A

Prefrontal cortex-parietal cortex

17
Q

Area regulating emotion

A

Medial prefrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala

18
Q

Area regulating motivation

A

Ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex

19
Q

Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain, consisting of the brainstem and cerebellum, controlling vital functions e.g. heart rate,

A

Reptilian brain (brainstem and cerebellum)

20
Q

Integrates sensory input with emotional responses

A

Thalamus

21
Q

Regulates movements of skeletal muscles

A

Subthalamus

22
Q

Stimulates immune system and regulates body rhythms

A

Epithalamus

23
Q

Records memories, responsible for emotions, consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus

A

Limbic system (mammalian brain)

24
Q

The least plastic part of the brain

A

Emotion

25
Q

The time between onset of an emotion and conscious awareness of it

A

Refractory period

26
Q

Integrates recent memory, influences sexual activity and biologic rhythms

A

Olfactory system

27
Q

Processes fear response, pleasure, involved in memory consolidation, integrates sensory and cognitive input

A

Amygdala

28
Q

Processes relational and configural learning, long-term declarative memory, spatial information processing, Context-dependent learning and memory

A

Hippocampus

29
Q

ANS integration centre, regulates sleep, thirst, temperature, etc

A

Hypothalamus

30
Q

Responsible for development of human language, abstract thought, imagination, and consciousness

A

Neocortex

31
Q

Pathways for processing of fearful/emotional stimuli

A
  1. From high-level cortical regions to amygdala

2. From senses through subcortical regions to amygdala

32
Q

The process by which an organism gains knowledge or becomes aware of events or objects in the environment and the use of knowledge for comprehension and problem-solving

A

Cognition

33
Q

Conscious memory for people, objects and places, immediately accessible

A

Declarative (explicit) memory

34
Q

Heterogeneous set of preserved abilities, includes skill and habit learning, conditioning, priming; not immediately accessible

A

Procedural (implicit) memory

35
Q

Function of sensory cortices involving recognition of recently encountered stimuli

A

Priming

36
Q

Kinds of memory

A
  1. Episodic sequentially time-linked memory
  2. Semantic: meanings, understandings, concept-based knowledge
  3. Working: Information used for a short period of time in order to complete a task
  4. Associative: long-term info storage
37
Q

Establishment and maintenance of an awake state

A

Arousal

38
Q

Components of brain plasticity

A
  1. Critical period: timing of environmental input

2. Activity-dependent changes: exposure to bioenvironmental influences causes brain changes

Block 16 Psychiatry Module 7 (8 decks)

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