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Emergency Medicine > Trauma Big Picture > Flashcards

Trauma Big Picture Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Which triage category?

i. Breathing
ii. obeys commands
iii. purposeful movement
iv. peripheral pulses
v. no resp distress/active hemorrhage
vi. minor injury only

A

Green: minor

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2
Q

Which triage category?

i. Breathing
ii. obeys commands
iii. purposeful movement
iv. peripheral pulses
v. no resp distress/active hemorrhage
vi. POS non-minor injury

A

Yellow: Delayed

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3
Q

Which triage category?

i. Breathing
ii. NEG obey commands
iii. NEG purposeful movement
iv. NEG peripheral pulses
v. POS resp distress or active hemorrhage
vi. POS survival chance if given resources

A

Red: immediate

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4
Q

Which triage category?

i. Breathing
ii. NEG obey commands
iii. NEG purposeful movement
iv. NEG peripheral pulses
v. POS resp distress or active hemorrhage
vi. NEG survival chance l if given resources

A

Black: expectant dead

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5
Q

ABCDEFs of primary assessment…

A 
airway
breathing
circulation
disability (avpu)
exposure
FAST exam
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6
Q

GCS scoring…

A

4,5,6

eyes, verbal, motor

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7
Q

massive transfusion protocol…

A

1:1:1 ratio PRBCs, FFP, Platelets

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8
Q

Step down tx for shock

A

1L isotonic crystalloid –> 1-2 units O neg/PRBCs –> MTP

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9
Q

absent central pulses is an indication for what hemorrhage intervention?

A

emergency thoracotomy

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10
Q

medical interventions for hemorrhage?

A

tranexamic acid + transfusion

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11
Q

perimortem C-section should be initiated how quickly after maternal arrest?

A

4 minutes… must be delivered w/in 5 mins

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12
Q

What categories of burns need grafts?

A

deep partial thickness and full thickness

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13
Q

modified brooke/parkland formula indication…

A

burns > 15% BSA peds

> 20% BSA adults

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14
Q

modified brooke/parkland formula

A

2mL-4mL x % BSA x Wt = LR volume

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15
Q

rate of infusion from modified brooke/parkland formula

A

1/2 first 8 hours

1/2 following 16 hours

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16
Q

Trauma PAN SCAN imaging…

A

Non Contrast CT:
head, face, spine

Contrast CT Chest, Abd. Pelvis

17
Q

The below signs indicate…

pain
paresthesia
pallor
poikilotherma
paralysis
pulselessness
A

compartment syndrome

18
Q

Abnormal ABI for the lower extremity…

A

< 0.9

19
Q

The below are hard or soft signs of penetrating trauma/vascular injury?

pulsatile bleed
expanding hematoma
pulseless limb
shock
compartment syndrome
bruit thrills
A

hard–to OR

20
Q

The below are hard or soft signs of penetrating trauma/vascular injury?

small/non-expanding hematoma

venous ooze

hx pulsatile bleed

unexplaine dneuro deficit

A

soft - Get ABI, if abnormal CT angiogram

21
Q

most frequently injured organ in penetrating trauma…

A

liver

22
Q

2nd most requently injuryed organ in blunt abd. trauma

A

liver

23
Q

most frequent blunt trauma organ injury

A

spleen

24
Q

3 vaccines to consider w. spleen injury/removal

A

pneumovax
h flu
meningococcus

25
Q

Grey Turner’s sign and Cullen’s sign indicate..

A

retroperitoneal hemorrhage

26
Q

If the below are not present, do you need head CT?

  • LOC/amnesia
  • age > 60
  • intoxication
  • visible trauma above clav.
  • post-trauma seizure
A

no

27
Q

Peds CT indications via PECARN

A

AMS, GCS < 15, Signs of Basilar Skull Fx

28
Q

PECARN class < 2 yo

LOC > 5s
non-frontal hematoma
not acting normal
severe MOI

A

observation vs. CT

29
Q

PECARN class > 2 yo

hx LOC
hx vomiting
severe HA
severe MOI

A

observation vs CT

30
Q

Nexus rules state no cervical spine radiograph if what 5 factors together are present?

A 
no midline tnederness
no focal neuro deficit
normal alertness
no intoxication
no painful distracting injury
31
Q

Lethal triad trauma/shock

A

hypothermia
coagulopathy
acidosis

32
Q

tx for acidosis in trauma

A

stop bleeding/ tx shock

33
Q

tx for coagulopathy in trauma

A

permissive hypotension, blood products

34
Q

GCS indication for intubation

A

8 or less

35
Q

Which hemorrhage class?

massive increased HR, RR
massive decreased BP, UO
DecreasedGCS, PP
40% blood loss

needs massive transfusion

A

class IV

36
Q

Which hemorrhage class?

increased HR, RR
Decreased BP, PP, UO, GCS
31-40% blood loss

needs transfusion

A

class III

37
Q

Which hemorrhage class?

decreased PP
blood loss 15-30%
possible transfusion

A

class II

38
Q

permissive hypotension is SBP between…

A

80 and 100

39
Q

cricothyroidotomy is 2nd line after…

A

attempted ET intubation

Emergency Medicine (12 decks)

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