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Emergency Medicine > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

What burn category?

red, dry, painful

Blanchable

No blisters

A

Superficial

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2
Q

superficial burns heal w/in ____ days with/without scarring

A

7 days, without scarring

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3
Q

What burn category?

pink, moist blisters
painful
blanchable

A

superficial partial thickness

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4
Q

What burn category?

mottles color/patchy white-red

non-blanching

pain w/ pressure, not inherently painful

blisters

A

deep partial thickness

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5
Q

Partial thickness burns extend to the _______ and have ______ scarring

A

dermis

minimal to severe scarring

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6
Q

Superficial burns extend to the _____ and have _____ scarring

A

epidermis

no scarring

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7
Q

Tx of superficial partial thickness burn:

A

keep moist w. petroleum + xeroform dressing

debridement

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8
Q

common mechanism for superficial partial thickness…

A

water scald

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9
Q

common mechanism for deep partial thickness burn…

A

oil scalds, flames

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10
Q

Tx of deep partial thickness burn

A

keep moist w. petroleum + xeroform dressing

debridement

PT

+ sulfadiazine if eschar

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11
Q

How often to change dressings for partial thickness burns?

A

QD/BID

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12
Q

What type of burn?

dry, non-blanching
hard-leathery
painless

A

full thickness

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13
Q

Initial tx for chemical burn

A

copious water irrigation

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14
Q

In electrical burns, you must monitor for ____ and fluid resus of ______ ccs of urine/kg/hour

A

cardiac abnormality

1-2 cc urine/kg/hour

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15
Q

Circumfrential burns are high risk for…

A

compartment syndrome

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16
Q

2 procedures for circumferential burns…

A

escharotomy

fasciotomy

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17
Q

Pulse ox isn’t reliable for CO poisoning… what is?

A

carboxyhemoglobin levels

18
Q

MC cause of death related to fire…

A

smoke inhalation

19
Q

Pt. p/w:

HA/AMS

Cheery Red skin

Hypotension, arrhythmia, CV collapse

A

cyanide poisoning

20
Q

Tx of CN poisoning…

A

cyanokit

21
Q

3 upper airway inhalation sxs…

A

hoarseness
stridor
substernal retractions

22
Q

4 lower airway inhalation sxs

A

tachypnea
decreased BS
w/r/r
accessory mm

23
Q

4 staples of inhalation tx…

A

mech. vent

pulmonary toilet

PNA prevention

supp. nutrition

24
Q

The below are indications for what procedure?

•
Closed space smoke exposure
•
Carbonaceous sputum
•
Facial burns
•
COHb >5
•
Hoarse voice
•
Singed facial hair
A

intubation

25
Q

What is incredibly important to monitor for circulation resus in burns?

A

I&Os

26
Q

Normal urinary output for adults…

A

0.5 ml/kg/hr

27
Q

are diuretics indicated in acute setting for burns?

A

no

28
Q

Burns > ___ require parkland resus

A

20% BSA

29
Q

Parkland formula…

A

4mL LR x kg x TBSA = 24 hours post-burn total

30
Q

What is the distribution of parkland formula over 24 hours?

A

half in 1st 8 hours

31
Q

Is TPN recommended in burns? Why or why not?

A

no, increased mortality

32
Q

Preferred nutrition therapy

A

duodenal enteral support

33
Q

What type of diet for burns?

A

high carb, low fat

34
Q

protein needs for burns…

A

1.5-2 g/kg

35
Q

vitamin/mineral supplements for burns…

A

vit. A, E, D, C

Selenium

Zinc

36
Q

The below indicate what?

• Partial-thickness burns of > 10% of TBSA
• Third-degree burns in any age group
• Burns that involve the face, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum,
or major joints
• Electrical burns, including lightning injury
• Chemical burns
• Inhalation injury
• Burn injury in patients with preexisting medical disorders
that could complicate management, prolong recovery, or
affect mortality
• Any patients with burns and concomitant trauma…
• Children in hospitals without qualified personnel or
equipment to care for their burn injuries
• Burn injury in patients who will require special social,
emotional, or rehabilitative intervention

A

burn center referral

37
Q

W/in 3-5 days, what type of pathogen causes infx in burn patients?

A

G+ (staph aureus)

38
Q

Burn pt. p/w:

•
Decreased urine output
•
Elevated bladder pressure (>25 mmHg)
•
Increased Peak Expiratory Pressure
•
Poor ventilation
A

abd. compartment syndrome

39
Q

3 chronic complications of burns…

A

chronic ulceration

scar contractures

hypertrophic scarring

40
Q

Major concern for chronic ulcerations…

A

marjolin ulcer (CA lesion)

Emergency Medicine (12 decks)

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