Trauma and Stress-related Disorders Flashcards
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is known as a condition where…
A person is exposed to a traumatic event in which they experienced/witnessed actual or threatened death/injury/integrity to self or others.
What are the symptoms of PTSD?
What are negative cognitions?
Patients re-experience the trauma.
Patients try to avoid stimuli associated with the trauma.
Patients have persistent symptoms of increased arousal - trouble sleeping, irritability, trouble concentrating, hypervigilance.
Negative cognitions:
- persistent and distorted sense of blame of self or others
- estrangement
- diminished interest in activities
- inability to remember key aspects of the event
How long do patients with PTSD experience symptoms?
> 1 mo.
What are 2 areas of treatment of PTSD?
Patients with PTSD have an increased risk of what?
- SSRIs
- Cognitive processing therapy
- support groups
- eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Increased risk of substance abuse - avoid addictive prescriptions (Benzos, etc.)
What is Acute Stress Disorder?
A similar disorder to PTSD, but duration is different: 3 days to 1 mo. after trauma exposure.
What is an Adjustment Disorder?
It may result in…
How long does it persist for?
Development of emotional/behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressor. It occurs within 3 mo. of a stressor.
One or both: (1) significant distress out of proportion to severity of stressor, (2) impairment in functioning
Usually does not persist past 6 mo.
Adjustment disorders can have what other features?
Depression
Anxiety
Mixed anxiety and depression
Disturbances of conduct
Mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct
What is the diagnostic criteria for Conversion Disorder? (A, B, C, D, F)
A. One or more symptoms or deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that suggest a neurological or
other general medical condition.
B. Exacerbation of the symptom or deficit is preceded by conflicts or other stressors.
C. The symptom or deficit is not intentionally produced.
D. The symptom cannot be explained by a general medical condition, or by the direct effects of a substance.
E. The symptom or deficit causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other
important areas of functioning or warrants medical evaluation.
F. The symptom or deficit is not limited to pain or sexual dysfunction, does not occur exclusively during the course of Somatization Disorder, and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
What are symptoms of Conversion Disorder? (6)
Paresthesias and anesthesias
Weakness
Paralysis
Pseudoseizures/psychogenic seizures
Involuntary movements
Sensory disturbances: blindness and mutism
What is Factitious Disorder?
Patients have voluntary control of symptoms.
May self-inject feces or saliva.
Bizarre or unusual symptoms.
What is an example of Factitious Disorder, NOS?
Munchausen by proxy: production of symptoms in another person (often a child) for the purpose of having the other person assume the sick role.
What are Somatoform disorders?
The somatoform disorders are a group of psychological disorders in which a patient experiences physical symptoms that are inconsistent with or cannot be fully explained by any underlying general medical or neurologic condition
What is the treatment for Somatoform disorders? (4)
Team approach - pain management, neurology, psychiatry.
CBT
Hyponosis
Anti-anxiety meds: Clonazepam
What is Dissociative Amnesia?
Patient has an inability to recall important personal information, usually information regarding traumatic experience.
What is Dissociative Fugue?
Patients have a sudden, unexpected travel away from home. Often they have an inability to recall one’s past/personal identity.
