Trauma

Question 1

Parameters that support early appropriate care

Answer 1

lactate < 4.0 mmol/L,
pH ≥ 7.25, or
base excess ≥ -5.5 mmol/L (base deficit ≤5.5)

Question 2

Adults usually have a more _____ inflammatory response which affects______

Answer 2

more robust initial inflammatory response

affecting pulmonary system first (ARDS

Question 3

Children initially have a ______ systemic immune response. They do, however, have a robust______inflammatory response that causes ____ and affects_____.

Answer 3

dampened systemic immune response.
robust local inflammatory response
that causes organ failure and affects all organ systems simultaneously.

Question 4

Indications for DCO

Answer 4

Injury severity score (ISS) >40 without thoracic trauma, ISS>20 with thoracic trauma,
severe pelvic/abdominal injuries and hemorrhagic shock,
bilateral femur fractures, pulmonary contusions,
base deficit >2

Question 5

to avoid screws going into pelvis for antegrade anterior column screw

Answer 5

Iliac Oblique

Inlet

Question 6

This view would show the supra-acetabular corridor with help with the starting point for external fixator placement.

Answer 6

Obturator oblique outlet view

Question 7

This view would ensure no joint penetration in anterior column fixation

Answer 7

Obturator oblique outlet view

Question 8

IOWA

Answer 8

Iliac Oblique- Anterior Wall, Posterior Column

Question 9

OOWP

Answer 9

Obturator Oblique- Posterio wall, anterior column

Question 10

VIEW USED used to help determine if a supra-acetabular wire is within the tables of the ilium.

Answer 10

obturator inlet view

Question 11

patient considered to be in “extremis” with 3/4 of the following

Answer 11

blood pressure <90mmHg, platelets count <70,000, temperature <32°C and major soft tissue injuries.`

Question 12

Normal range for lactate

Answer 12

< 2.5=stable

> 2.5 borderline or unstable

Question 13

normal range for fibrinogen

Answer 13

> 1.0

Question 14

normal base deficit range

Answer 14

base DEFICIT (extra H+ and more acidic)
normal is -2 to +2

Question 15

FROM THE EAC paper.. definitive fracture care can proceed with any of the following?

Answer 15

Utilizing a lactate of < 4.0 mmol/L, pH ≥ 7.25, or a base excess ≥ -5.5 mmol/L, definitive fracture care can proceed when any of these criteria are met.

Question 16

`What is the spur sign and what view is it seen

Answer 16

Intact ilium
Representing associated both colum
Obturator oblique