Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paediatrics > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What does the trauma stamp/ sticker encompass? (8)

A
  • Sinus
  • Colour
  • TTP
  • Mobility
  • Thermal (E. Cl)
  • Electrical (EPT)
  • P. note
  • Radiograph
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a mobile tooth indicative of?

A
  • Displacement
  • Root fracture
  • Bone fracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What conditions seen in a MH may require appropriate additional treatment following trauma?

A
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Congenital heart defects
  • Immunosuppression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How long must sensibility tests be carried out following trauma?

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of tooth fractures are there?

A
  • Enamel only
  • Enamel-dentine
  • Enamel-dentine-pulp
  • Uncomplicated crown-root
  • Complicated crown-root
  • Root (apical, middle, coronal 1/3)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the prognosis of a tooth following trauma depend on?

A
  1. Stage of root development
  2. Type of injury
  3. Damage to PDL
  4. Time (between injury and tx)
  5. Infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the aims and principles of EMERGENCY treatment?

A
  1. Retain VITALITY = protect exposed dentine (dentine bandage)
  2. TREAT exposed PULP
  3. REDUCTION and IMMOBILISATION (of displaced teeth)
  4. TETANUS prophylaxis
  5. AB cover?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the aims and principles of INTERMEDIATE treatment?

A
  1. +/- PULP TX

2. RESTORE (min. invasive i.e. acid etch rests)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the aims and principles of PERMANENT treatment?

A
  1. APEXIGENESIS (vital pulpotomy -> encourage apex formation)
  2. APEXIFICATION (calcium barrier at apex)
  3. ROOT FILLING +/- root extrusion
  4. Gingival and alveolar collar modification if required
  5. Coronal restoration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is an enamel only fracture managed?

A
  • Account for fragment
  • Bond fragment to tooth
  • Or smooth sharp edges
  • Take 2 PA XR (rule out fracture/ luxation)
  • Follow up
    • -> 6-8 weeks
    • -> 1 year
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is an enamel-dentine fracture managed?

A
  • Account for fragment
  • Bond fragment to tooth
  • Or comp bandage
  • Take 2 PA XR (rule out fracture/ luxation)
    • -> If lacerations: XR to check any embedded frags
  • Sensibility testing and evaluate tooth maturity
  • Definitive rest
  • Follow up
    • -> 6-8 weeks
    • -> 1 year
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is checked radiographically following trauma?

A
  • Root development (width and length of canal)
  • Compare with other side
  • Resorption (internal/external)
  • PAP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is an enamel-dentine-pulp fracture managed?

A
  • Pulp cap
  • Partial pulpotomy
  • Full coronal pulpotomy

=> Dependent on size of exposure, time since injury and associated PDL injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is an displaced root fracture managed?

A
  • LA not usually required
  • Clean area with water/ saline/ CHX
  • Reposition with digit pressure
  • SPLINT
    • -> apical or middle 1/3 = flexible 4 WEEKS
    • -> coronal 1/3 = flexible 4 MONTHS
  • ADVICE = soft diet for 1 week and good OH
  • Review
    • -> 6-8 weeks
    • -> 1yr
    • -> 5yr w radiographs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Following root fracture management, how is the tooth managed if it becomes non-vital?

A

APICAL and MIDDLE 1/3 #

  • Extirpate to # line
  • Dress nsCaOH then MTA coronal to # line
  • Root fill (GP) to # line

==> distal root fragment will be resorbed, remain with PDL or become infected (AB/apicectomy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the splinting times for each type of trauma:

  • Subluxation
  • Extrusion
  • Avulsion
  • Luxation
  • Root fracture
  • Intrusion
  • Dento-alveolar fracture
A

FLEXIBLE 2 WEEKS

  • Subluxation
  • Extrusion
  • Avulsion (open/ closed apex EADT <60mins)

FLEXIBLE 4 WEEKS

  • Luxation
  • Intrusion
  • Apical/middle 1/3 root #
  • Dento-alveolar
  • Avulsion (open/ closed apex EADT >60mins)

FLEXIBLE 4 MONTHS
- Coronal 1/3 root #

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of dental trauma to the PDL are there?

A
  • Concussion
  • Subluxation
  • Extrusion
  • Lateral luxation
  • Intrusion
  • Avulsion
  • Dento-alveolar #
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What the 5 year prognosis for pulpal survival in OPEN APEX PDL traumas?

A
  • Concussion 100%
  • Subluxation 100%
  • Extrusion 95%
  • Lateral luxation 95%
  • Intrusion 40%
  • Avulsion 30%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What the 5 year prognosis for pulpal survival in CLOSED APEX PDL traumas?

A
  • Concussion 95%
  • Subluxation 85%
  • Extrusion 45%
  • Lateral luxation 25%
  • Intrusion 0%
  • Avulsion 0%
20
Q

What the 5 year prognosis for root resorption in OPEN APEX PDL traumas?

A
  • Concussion 1%
  • Subluxation 1%
  • Extrusion 5%
  • Lateral luxation 3%
  • Intrusion 67%
  • Avulsion frequent
21
Q

What the 5 year prognosis for root resorption in CLOSED APEX PDL traumas?

A
  • Concussion 3%
  • Subluxation 3%
  • Extrusion 7%
  • Lateral luxation 38%
  • Intrusion 100%
  • Avulsion frequent
22
Q

What is the definition of a dental concussion injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth-supporting structures
  • With no increased in mobility or displacement
  • TTP
23
Q

What is the definition of a dental subluxation injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth-supporting structures
  • With increased mobility but no displacement
  • Bleeding from ginigival sulcus and TTP
24
Q

When should a CONCUSSION injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 1 year
25
Q

When should a SUBLUXATON injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 2 weeks
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 1 year
26
Q

What is the definition of a dental extrusion injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth

- Displacement of tooth out of its socket

27
Q

What is the definition of a dental lateral luxation injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth

- Displacement of tooth other than axially

28
Q

When should an EXTRUSION injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 6 months
  • Yearly for 5 years
29
Q

When should an LATERAL LUXATION injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 6 months
  • Yearly for 5 years
30
Q

How is an extrusion injury managed?

A
  • Reposition under LA (buccal and palatal)
  • 2 weeks splint

–> If late presentation (teeth are firm) use URA

31
Q

How is a lateral luxaton injury managed?

A
  • Reposition under LA (buccal and palatal)
  • 4 weeks splint

–> If late presentation (teeth are firm) use URA

32
Q

What is the definition of a dental intrusion injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth

- Displacement of tooth into alveolar bone

33
Q

When should an INTRUSION injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 2 weeks
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 6 months
  • Yearly for 5 years
34
Q

How is an intrusion injury managed?

A

OPEN APEX
<7mm = spontaneous repositioning
>7mm = ortho/ surgical

CLOSED APEX
<3mm = spontaneous repositioning
3-7mm = ortho/ surgical
>7mm = srugical

  • 4 week splint

==> temp restoration with CaOH recommended

35
Q

What is the definition of a dental avulsion injury?

A
  • Injury to tooth

- tooth is displaced completely out of its socket

36
Q

What advice is given (e.g. over the phone) in regards to an avulsed tooth?

A
  1. Find the tooth
  2. Hold by the crown
  3. Plug the sink and run under cold water
  4. Put tooth back in its place and child to bit on tissue
  5. OR store tooth in milk/ saline/ saliva
  6. Attend dentist immediately
37
Q

What is the management for avulsed teeth?

A

Reimplant under LA

<60mins EADT; OPEN APEX

  • Reimplant & NO RCT
  • Closely monitor for non-vitality –> pulpectomy
  • 2 week splint

<60mins EADT; CLOSED APEX

  • Reimplant & extirpate pulp
  • Antibiotic-steroid paste into canals (leave in for 2 months)
  • After 2 months replace with nsCaOH
  • GP obturation within 3 months
  • 2 week splint

> 60mins EADT; OPEN APEX

  • Reimplant & NO RCT
  • Closely monitor for non-vitality –> pulpectomy
  • 4 week splint

> 60mins EADT; CLOSED APEX

  • E/O RCT –> reimplant
  • If no E/O RCT –> extirpate at 1 week, place nsCaOH for 1 month –> GP obturation after
  • 4 week splint

==> Consider AB cover and check tetanus status

38
Q

What are the aims of reimplantation?

A

<60mins EADT = PDL healing

> 60mins EADT = ankylosis

39
Q

When should an AVULSION injury be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A

OPEN APEX

  • 2 weeks
  • 1 month
  • 2 months
  • 3 months
  • 6 months
  • Yearly

CLOSED APEX

  • 3 months
  • 6 months
  • 12 months
  • Yearly
40
Q

How is a dento-alveolar fracture managed?

A
  • LA
  • Reposition
  • AB
  • 4 weeks splint
41
Q

When should a dento-alveolar fracture be reviewed clinically and radiographically?

A
  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 1 year
  • Yearly for 5 years
42
Q

What advice is given following dental injuries?

A
  • SOFT diet for 1 weeks
  • Avoid contact sports while splint in place
  • Careful OH (soft toothbrush) with 0.1% CHX mw use (between meals) = brush after meals
43
Q

What is the process of internal (inflammation) resorption and how is it managed?

A

Initiated by necrotic pulp

  • Extirpate pulp
  • Mechanical and chemical irrigation
  • nsCaOH
  • Change nsCaOH every 4-6 weeks (to try halt resorption)
  • No progressive resorption for 6 weeks –> obturate GP
  • If continues, plan for prosthesis
44
Q

What are the types of resorption?

A
  • External surface (ortho, ectopic teeth)
  • Internal inflammation
  • External inflammation
  • Replacement resorption
45
Q

What is the process of external (inflammation) resorption and how is it managed?

A

Initially damage to PDL but maintained by necrotic pulp

  • Extirpate pulp
  • Mechanical and chemical irrigation
  • nsCaOH
  • Change nsCaOH every 4-6 weeks (to try halt resorption)
  • No progressive resorption for 6 weeks –> obturate GP
  • If continues, plan for prosthesis
46
Q

Describe the procedure for a partial (Cvek) pulpotomy

A
  1. LA and isolation (dam)
  2. Access (diamond fissure bur) + clean with water then sodium hypochlorite
  3. Amputation 2mm of coronal pulp (highspeed –> saline soaked CW pellet)
  4. Assess radicular pulp stumps
    - -> arrested bleeding = continue pulpotomy
    - -> abnormal bleeding = full coronal
    - -> full coronal, abnormal bleeding = pulpectomy
  5. Dress and restore (CaOH then RMGI (Vitrepex)/ MTA (white) –> comp)

Paediatrics (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions