Trauma Flashcards
What does A stand for in ABCDE (for trauma).
Airways. Anaesthetist. Axial Spine Control.
What does B stand for in ABCDE (for trauma).
Breathing (ventilation). Oxygen.
What does C stand for in ABCDE (for trauma).
Circulation. Haemorrhage control.
State a type of cuffed oro-endotracheal tube (COETT) used.
Orotracheal airway. Nasotracheal airway. Combitube.
State a type of surgical airway.
Cricothyroidotomy - incision made through skin to establish. Tracheostomy.
State a symptom of airway obstruction (laryngeal injury).
Hoarseness. Subcutaneous emphysema.
State a treatment of airway obstruction.
Intubate cautiously. Tracheostomy.
State a feature of a tension pneumothorax.
Respiratory distress. Distended neck veins. Unilateral breath sounds. Falling blood pressure. Hyperresonance (due to overinflation of lung). Displace trachea. Cyanosis.
State a feature of cardiac tamponade.
Reduced arterial pressure. Reduced ventricular filling. Distended neck veins. Muffled heart sounds. Pulseless electrical activity.
State a treatment of a cardiac tamponade.
Pericardiocentesis - doctor drains fluid from the pericardial sac.
Thoracotomy (more invasion) - to drain blood/remove blood clots if you have penetrating wound.
Define a cardiac tamponade.
When extra fluid builds up in the space around the heart.
State 2 causes of a cardiogenic shock.
Haemorrhagic (blood loss). Non-haemorrhagic (tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic).
State how to recognise a shock.
Anxiety. Hypotension. Cold. Tachypnea/shallow respirations. Tachycardia. Reduced urinary output.
State the 4 stages to circulation/haemorrhagic control.
Identify the site of the bleed. Stop the bleeding. Replace volume +/- RBC. Volume replacement.
State 2 examinations under Disability.
Primary state examination (5P’s). Glasglow coma score.
