Limb Radiology

Question 1

State one type of long bone fracture.

Answer 1

Transverse fracture. Spiral fracture. Oblique fracture. Comminuted fracture (fracture fragments).

Question 2

Give an example of different bone terminology.

Answer 2

Undisplaced/displaced. Displaced/displaced and shortened. Angulation/rotation. Distraction/impaction. Combination.

Question 3

State where shoulder fractures are most common.

Answer 3

Clavicle. Scapula. Proximal humerus.

Question 4

State where damage may occur with elbows.

Answer 4

Fat pads - closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue septa (may be supplied with capillaries and nerve endings).

Question 5

Define a Monteggia fracture.

Answer 5

Fracture of the proximal third of the ulnar with dislocation of the proximal head of the radius.

Question 6

Define a Galleazi fracture.

Answer 6

Fracture involving the middle and distal third of the radius, and dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ).

Question 7

Define a Colles fracture.

Answer 7

Fracture of the distal forearm in which the broken end of the radius is bent backwards.

Question 8

Define a Smiths fracture.

Answer 8

Fracture of the distal radius, caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm.

Question 9

State a possible fracture to the wrist.

Answer 9

Scaphoid fracture. Waisted fracture (waist of wrist). Boxer’s head. Double jointed. Bennet’s fracture.

Question 10

Define a boxer’s bend.

Answer 10

When the volar plate (thick ligament connecting the 2 bones in the finger located on the palm side of the joint, becomes damaged.

Question 11

Define a Bennet’s fracture.

Answer 11

It’s a fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone which extends to the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint.

Question 12

Define Shenton’s line.

Answer 12

Imaginary curved line drawn along the inferior border to the superior pubic ramus.

Question 13

State a hip injury.

Answer 13

Dislocated hip. Fractured neck of femur (NOF). Intertrochanteric fracture.

Question 14

Define a dislocated hip.

Answer 14

Disruption of the joint between the femur and the pelvis.

Question 15

Define the intertrochanteric line.

Answer 15

Ridge stretching between lesser and greater trochanter.

Question 16

Define 2 aspects of the Ottawa Knee rule.

Answer 16

Aged 55 or over. Isolated tenderness of the patella. Tenderness at the head of the fibula. Inability to flex. Inability to weight bear both immediately and in ED.

Question 17

State an injury to the knee.

Answer 17

Tibial plateau fracture. Lipohaemarthrosis. Knee dislocation.

Question 18

Describe a tibial plateau fracture.

Answer 18

Break in the upper part of the tibia (shinbone) - may involve knee joint.

Question 19

Define a lipohaemarthrosis.

Answer 19

Infraarticular fracture with escape of fat and blood from bone marrow to the joint.

Question 20

State 2 possible injuries to the ankle.

Answer 20

Lateral malleolus fracture. Bimaleolar with talar shift. Fracture dislocation. Calcaeneal fracture. Displaced Lisfranc joint injury.

Question 21

Define a lateral malleolus fracture.

Answer 21

Type of broken ankle when part of the fibula just above the ankle joint fractures.

Question 22

Define bimaleolar with talar shift.

Answer 22

Fracture of the ankle which involves the lateral and medial malleolus.

Question 23

Define the most common cause of an ankle fracture dislocation.

Answer 23

When the foot is plantar flexed.

Question 24

Define a Displaced Lisfranc joint injury.

Answer 24

Injury of foot where one or more metatarsals are displaced from the tarsus (7 bones in the foot).