Limb Radiology Flashcards
State one type of long bone fracture.
Transverse fracture. Spiral fracture. Oblique fracture. Comminuted fracture (fracture fragments).
Give an example of different bone terminology.
Undisplaced/displaced. Displaced/displaced and shortened. Angulation/rotation. Distraction/impaction. Combination.
State where shoulder fractures are most common.
Clavicle. Scapula. Proximal humerus.
State where damage may occur with elbows.
Fat pads - closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue septa (may be supplied with capillaries and nerve endings).
Define a Monteggia fracture.
Fracture of the proximal third of the ulnar with dislocation of the proximal head of the radius.
Define a Galleazi fracture.
Fracture involving the middle and distal third of the radius, and dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ).
Define a Colles fracture.
Fracture of the distal forearm in which the broken end of the radius is bent backwards.
Define a Smiths fracture.
Fracture of the distal radius, caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm.
State a possible fracture to the wrist.
Scaphoid fracture. Waisted fracture (waist of wrist). Boxer’s head. Double jointed. Bennet’s fracture.
Define a boxer’s bend.
When the volar plate (thick ligament connecting the 2 bones in the finger located on the palm side of the joint, becomes damaged.
Define a Bennet’s fracture.
It’s a fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone which extends to the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint.
Define Shenton’s line.
Imaginary curved line drawn along the inferior border to the superior pubic ramus.
State a hip injury.
Dislocated hip. Fractured neck of femur (NOF). Intertrochanteric fracture.
Define a dislocated hip.
Disruption of the joint between the femur and the pelvis.
Define the intertrochanteric line.
Ridge stretching between lesser and greater trochanter.
Define 2 aspects of the Ottawa Knee rule.
Aged 55 or over. Isolated tenderness of the patella. Tenderness at the head of the fibula. Inability to flex. Inability to weight bear both immediately and in ED.
State an injury to the knee.
Tibial plateau fracture. Lipohaemarthrosis. Knee dislocation.
Describe a tibial plateau fracture.
Break in the upper part of the tibia (shinbone) - may involve knee joint.
Define a lipohaemarthrosis.
Infraarticular fracture with escape of fat and blood from bone marrow to the joint.
State 2 possible injuries to the ankle.
Lateral malleolus fracture. Bimaleolar with talar shift. Fracture dislocation. Calcaeneal fracture. Displaced Lisfranc joint injury.
Define a lateral malleolus fracture.
Type of broken ankle when part of the fibula just above the ankle joint fractures.
Define bimaleolar with talar shift.
Fracture of the ankle which involves the lateral and medial malleolus.
Define the most common cause of an ankle fracture dislocation.
When the foot is plantar flexed.
Define a Displaced Lisfranc joint injury.
Injury of foot where one or more metatarsals are displaced from the tarsus (7 bones in the foot).
