Tranverse And Longitudinal Waves

Question 1

What are 3 examples of longitudinal waves?

Answer 1

Sound waves
Ultrasound waves
Seismic P-Waves

Question 2

How are longitudinal waves demonstrated

Answer 2

With areas of compression and refraction

Question 3

Why do compressions have high pressure?

Answer 3

Because particles are close together

Question 4

With what object are longitudinal waved demonstrated with?

Answer 4

A slinky

Question 5

How do particles move through longitudinal waves?

Answer 5

Particles, they move backwards and forwards between compressions

Question 6

What are five examples of transverse waves?

Answer 6

Ripples on water
Vibrations of guitar strings
Mexican waves
Electromagnetic waves
Seismic S-Waves

Question 7

How are transverse waves demonstrated?

Answer 7

Moving a rope up and down

Question 8

How is energy transferred in a transverse wave

Answer 8

Up and down from left to right

Question 9

How do particles move in transverse waves?

Answer 9

Up and down

Question 10

How do electromagnetic waves vibrate ?

Answer 10

At a right angle to direction of wave travel

Question 11

How do electromagnetic waves transfer energy?

Answer 11

As radiation from source of waves to an absorber

Question 12

What can electromagnetic waves travel through?

Answer 12

A vacuum e.g space at speeds of 300 million meters per second

Question 13

What is formed by the electromagnetism spectrum?

Answer 13

Waves with a continuous spectrum of waves

Question 14

What is the order of waves from longest to shortest?

Answer 14

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X-Rays
Gamma Rays

Question 15

What are the properties for radio waves, microwaves and infrared light?

Answer 15

Long wavelength
Low frequency
Low energy

Question 16

What are the properties of Ultravoilet, X-Rays and Gamma rays?

Answer 16

Short wavelength
High frequency
High energy

Question 17

What are the properties red and purple light of visable light colours?

Answer 17

Red light has the lowest frequency’s of visible light
Purple light has the highest frequency of visible light

Question 18

What are features of radio waves?

Answer 18

Transmitted easily through air
Doesn’t cause damage

Question 19

What produces radio waves?

Answer 19

Oscillations in electrical circuits

Question 20

How do radio waves work?

Answer 20

Produces by oscillations in electric circuits
When absorbed by a conductor they create an alternating current
Electric current has same frequency as radio wave
Information is coded into the wave before transmission, which can then be decoded when the wave is received

Question 21

What are microwaves used for?

Answer 21

Cooking food and satellite communications

Question 22

How do microwaves heat food?

Answer 22

High frequency microwaves have frequencies which are easily absorbed by molecules in food
The internal energy of molecules increases when they absorb microwaves so they heat up

Question 23

Why are microwaves used in satellites?

Answer 23

They pass easily through the atmosphere so they can pass between stations on Earth and satellites in orbit

Question 24

What are infrared used for?

Answer 24

Electrical heaters, cookers and infrared cameras to see people in the dark

Question 25

How are infrared used in cooking food

Answer 25

Has frequencies which are easily absorbed by some chemical bonds
The internal energy of the bonds increases when they absorb infrared light which causes heating

Question 26

How is infrared used in cameras?

Answer 26

All objects emit infrared light, the human eye can’t detect it but infrared cameras can to see people in the dark with thermal imaging

Question 27

How is visible light used

Answer 27

Fibre optic communication where coded pulses of light travel through glass fibres from a source to a receiver

Question 28

What are the dangerous of ultraviolet

Answer 28

Hazardous effects on the body
Cause body to tan or burn in sunlight

Question 29

How is ultraviolet used in energy efficient lamps?

Answer 29

Fluorescent substances used to absorb ultraviolet light and re emit it as visable light

Question 30

How is electromagnetic waves generated and absorbed?

Answer 30

Changes happen in atoms and their nuclei

Question 31

Why are X-Rays and gamma rays useful for internal imaging?

Answer 31

High energy waves are transferred through the body tissue with very little absorption making them useful

Question 32

Why are X-Rays good for identifying broken bones

Answer 32

Because they are absorbed by high density structure like bones

Question 33

What is are examples of ionising radiation and what do they do?

Answer 33

X-rays and Ultraviolet
Add or remove electrons from molecules producing electrically charged ions

Question 34

What hazardous effects can ionising radiation have on the body?

Answer 34

Ultraviolet can cause skin to age prematurely and cause skin cancer
X-rays can cause mutation of genes which can lead to cancer

Question 35

What is radiation dose?

Answer 35

Measure of the risk of harm caused by exposing the body to ionising radiation

Question 36

What are doses is ionising radiation measured and given in?

Answer 36

Given in mSv
Measured in Sv

Question 37

Where is background radiation?

Answer 37

Radioactive rock in Earths crust
Cosmic rays in space
Nuclear weapons