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Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 > Transversospinalis Musculature > Flashcards

Transversospinalis Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscles are identified as transversospinalis muscles?

A
  • semispinalis
  • multifidis
  • rotators
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2
Q

Transversospinalis muscles represent what layer of the true back?

A

layer 5

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3
Q

Based on the name of this group, what is the origin-insertion of the transversospinalis?

A
  • transverse process origin

- spinous process insertion

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4
Q

How many vertebrae can be attached to a single segment by transversospinalis muscles?

A

as many as nine vertebrae

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5
Q

What muscles are classically identified as semispinalis muscles?

A
  • semispinalis thoracis
  • semispinalis cervicis
  • semispinalis capitis
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6
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis thoracis?

A

transverse tubercles of T6-T10 or as low as T12

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7
Q

What segment will represent the lowest attachment site for the semispinalis thoracis?

A

T12

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8
Q

What is the insertion for the semispinalis thoracis?

A

spinous processes of C6-C6 and T1-T4

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9
Q

Contraction of the semispinalis thoracis will result in what movements?

A
  • extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of upper thoracic and lower cervical spine
  • bilaterally they act to extend the thoracic spine
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10
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis thoracis?

A

dorsal rami of T1-T6 spinal nerves (cord levels T1-T6)

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11
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis cervicis?

A
  • transverse tubercles of T1-T5 or T6

- articular processes of C4-C7

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12
Q

What is the insertion for the semispinalis cervicis?

A

spinous processes of C2-C5

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13
Q

Contraction of the semispinalis cervicis will result in what movements?

A
  • extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the cervical spine
  • bilaterally they act to extend the neck
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14
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis cervicis?

A

dorsal rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves (cord levels C6-C8)

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15
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis capitis?

A
  • transverse tubercles of C7, T1-T6 or T7

- articular processes of C4-C6

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16
Q

What is the insertion for the semispinalis capitis?

A

below the superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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17
Q

Contraction of the semispinalis capitis will result in what movements?

A
  • turns the face to the ipsilateral side of rotation

- bilaterally they act to extend the head (the neck inadvertently)

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis capitis?

A

dorsal rami of C1-C6 spinal nerves (cord levels C1-C6)

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19
Q

The semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis may fuse to form what muscle?

A

biventer cervicis

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20
Q

What regional subdivisions are now identified with the multifidis muscles? What are their Latin names?

A
  • lumbar multifidis - multifidis lumborum
  • thoracic multifidis - multifidis thoracis
  • cervical multifidis - multifidis cervicis
21
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis?

A
  • articular process of C4-C7
  • transverse processes of T1-T12
  • mammillary processes of L1-L5
  • dorsal surface of S1-S4 or S5
22
Q

What non-vertebral column site serves as an origin to the classic multifidis?

A

posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) of the innominate bone

23
Q

What is the insertion for the classic multifidis?

A

spinous process of 3-5 segements above the origin

24
Q

What transversospinalis muscle attaches to articular and mammillary processes along the spine?

A

multifidis

25
Q

Contraction of the classic multifidis will result in what movements of the vertebral column?

A
  • lateral flexion and rotation of the spine
  • maintains the lumbar lordotic curve
  • prevents entrapment of zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement
26
Q

What is the innervation of the classic multifidis?

A

dorsla rami of C3-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5 and S1 spinal nerves (cord levels C3-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5, and S1)

27
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the multifidis cervicis?

A

articular process of C4-C7

28
Q

What is the attachment site and most cranial vertebra of insertion for the multifidis?

A

spinous process of C2

29
Q

Contraction of multfifidis cervicis will result in what movements?

A
  • alters the zygapophyseal capsular ligament response to load distribution
  • determines the cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck pain
  • a significant contributor to postural control of the head and neck
30
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the multifidis lumborum?

A

spinous processes of L1-L5

31
Q

What is the insertion for multifidis lumborum?

A

mammillary process and zygapophyseal capsular ligaments and dorsal surface of S1-S4 or S5

32
Q

Which subdivision of multifidis may demonstrate a reversal of origin-insertion?

A

multifidis lumborum

33
Q

Contraction of multfifidis lumborum will result in what movements?

A
  • lateral flexion and rotation of the lumbar spine
  • maintains the lumbar lordotic curve
  • prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement
34
Q

The thoracic rotators are replaced in the lumbar spine by what muscles?

A

deep laminar fibers of the multifidis

35
Q

What is characteristic of multifidis innervation?

A

all fascicles attaching to a specific spinous process are innervated by the nerve of that segement
- example: the L2 spinal nerve terminates on fascicles attaching to the L2 spinous process

36
Q

Which muscles of the spine exhibit a reversal of the expected origin-insertion combination?

A
  • iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
  • longissimus thoracis pars lumborum
  • multifidis lumborum
37
Q

Rotator muscles are typically identified in what region of the spine?

A

thoracic region

38
Q

What will replace muscles spanning one or two segmental levels in the cervicals and lumbars?

A

deep layers of the multifidis

39
Q

What is the classic origin of rotator brevis or its homolog?

A

transverse processes from C3 and each lower vertebra to the dorsal surface of sacrum (C3-C7, T1-T12, L1-L5, sacrum)

40
Q

What is the classic insertion of rotator brevis or its homolog?

A

spinous process one segmental level above, from C2-C7, T1-T12, L1-L5

41
Q

Where does the rotator brevis originating at C3 insert?

A

the spinous process of C2

42
Q

What muscle connects a transverse process to the spinous process of the segment above?

A

rotator brevis

43
Q

Contraction of rotator brevis will result in what movements?

A
  • rotation of the segment of insertion

- bilaterally acts to weakly extend spine

44
Q

What is the classic origin of rotator longus or its homolog?

A

transverse processes from C4 and each lower vertebra to the dorsal surface of sacrum

45
Q

What is the classic insertion of rotator longus or its homolog?

A

spinous process two segmental levels above, from C2-C7, T1-T12, L1-L5

46
Q

What muscle connects a transverse process to the spinous process two segments above?

A

rotator longus

47
Q

Contraction of rotator longus will result in what movements?

A
  • rotation of the segment of insertion

- bilaterally acts to weakly extend spine

48
Q

What innervates the rotators?

A

dorsal rami at the level of insertion

Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 (94 decks)

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