Transportation and Solutions

Question 1

What’s passive transportation?

Answer 1

Transportation of the cell that does not need ATP/energy. Instead uses kinetic energy to move from high to low concentration. (down concentration gradient)

Question 2

Types of passive transportation

Answer 2

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

Question 3

What is active transport?

Answer 3

ATP is needed for active transportation. goes against concentration gradient so low to high.

Question 4

Examples of active transportation

Answer 4

absorption of nutrients
NA+/K+ pump

Question 5

Solution =

Answer 5

Solute + solvent

Question 6

hypertonic =

Answer 6

envirnonment that has more solute

Question 7

hypotonic=

Answer 7

environmnt that has less solute

Question 8

isotonic=

Answer 8

equal amounts of solute on both sides

Question 9

IN AN ANIMAL CELL if the cell is hypertonic and the outside is hypotonic which way is water going?

Answer 9

Water goes into the cell/hypertonic environment. Cell not happy

Question 10

IN AN ANIMAL CELL if the cell is hypotonic and the outside is hypertonic which way is water going?

Answer 10

Water goes out of the cell/hypotonic environment. Cell not happy will shrivel up

Question 11

IN AN ANIMAL CELL if the cell is isotonic and the outside is isotonic which way is water going?

Answer 11

Will flow equally inside and out of cell. Happy reached equilibrium.
we always want to be like this.

Question 12

IN A PLANT CELL if the cell is hypertonic and the outside is hypotonic which way is water going?

Answer 12

Going into the cell. Cell is happy like this “Turgid” Water pushing cell membrane against cell wall.

Question 13

IN A PLANT CELL if the cell is hypotonic and the outside is hypertonic which way is water going?

Answer 13

Going out of cell. Cell not happy membrane shrivels up while cell wall stays rigid. How plants die. called plasmolysis

Question 14

IN A PLANT CELL if the cell is isotonic and the outside is isotonic which way is water going?

Answer 14

Equally in and out. Cell not happy but not sad its meh. would rather be turgid. ITs flacid

Question 15

Comparison of Cellular transport Mechanisms

Answer 15

Question 16

How to do molar stuff

Answer 16

Question 17

pH Scale

Answer 17

Question 18

What do Gated Ion Channels do and how do they work?

Answer 18

they move ions through the membrane through a protein that opens and closes. Electrical signals from neurons allow it to open and close. It can also be stretched and pulled together to open and close.

Question 19

Sodium Potassium Pump

Answer 19

2 posatium(K+) in and 3 soduim(Na+) out
axon sends signals to dendrites to recieve signals
Na/K pump resets the resting potential

Question 20

Cotransport

Answer 20

The molecule of interest is then transported down the electrochemical gradient. While this process still consumes ATP to generate that gradient, the energy is not directly used to move the molecule across the membrane, hence it is known as secondary active transport.

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

Question 22

Exocytosis

Answer 22

Question 23

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 23

The process of diffusion used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly trough cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient.

Question 24

When is facilitated diffusion used?

Answer 24

Molecules cannot undergo normal diffusion are typically nonsalable(polar) in lipids or too larger to pass through pores of the membrane

Question 25

Ions cannot diffuse across the membrane because …?

Answer 25

Ions are not soluble in lipids

Question 26

How do Ion channels work?

Answer 26

Some ion channels are always open; others have gates
3 ways a gate open and closes
Stimuli: stretching of the membrane
Electrical signals
chemicals (hormones) in cytosol or environment

Question 27

Phagocytosis

Answer 27

Membrane eats big particle and moves with a vesicle

Question 28

Pinocytosis

Answer 28

Membrane eats many small particle and moves with a vesicle

Question 29

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer 29

special coated membrane connecrs to special particles

Question 30

Endocytoisis

Answer 30

Bring stuff in

Question 31

Exocytosis

Answer 31

Pushes out
Hint exfoliates