Transportation

Question 1

what is diffusion

Answer 1

process where substances move down a concentration gradient form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 2

example of diffusion

Answer 2

movement of CO2 in leaves

Question 3

what is osmosis

Answer 3

movement of water from a high water concentration to a low water concentration through a partially permeable membrane

Question 4

example of osmosis

Answer 4

plant’s root cells

Question 5

what is active transport

Answer 5

movement of dissolved molecules in/out of a cell through a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (against concentration gradient)

Question 6

example of active transport

Answer 6

reabsorption of glucose and mineral ions in the kidneys

Question 7

what does active transport require and why

Answer 7

energy from respiration, because of the movement against the concentration gradient

Question 8

what the potato test testing

Answer 8

osmosis

Question 9

describe the potato test

Answer 9

• hollow out 2 potatoes
• fill one with sugar solution and the other with normal water
• place in beakers with equal amounts of water and mark the surface of solutions in potato
• wait 2 to 3 hours

Question 10

what happens in the potato test and why

Answer 10

• the potato with sugar solution in it experienced an increase in the water level
• where as the normal water potato did not
• this is because the sugar solution had a lower concentration of water in it
• so osmosis tried to even out the concentration which results in water level increase

Question 11

how does a bigger concentration gradient (difference in concentration to what its diffusing into) affect diffusion

Answer 11

in increases the rate of diffusion

Question 12

how does temperature affect diffusion rate

Answer 12

it will increase it because the particles are given more energy so they can move around faster

Question 13

what do cell membranes and partially permeable membranes do

Answer 13

they allow small molecules like water (In both) to diffuse though and equal the concentration on both sides but they dont allow big molecules to diffuse through them

Question 14

what does a larger surface area impact in terms of diffusion

Answer 14

a faster diffusion rate as more molecules can diffuse through at once

Question 15

what is the concentration gradient

Answer 15

• the process of particles moving through a solution or gas form an area with a high number of particles to an area with a low number of particles
• this is also known as movement along the concentration gradient

Question 16

why is active transport required to move some molecules

Answer 16

• because the concentration of molecules could be higher in the area that is absorbing them than the area that is being absorbed of its molecules
• the plant could have a higher concentration of minerals in it so active transport would be needed