Transportation

Question 1

Transportation

Answer 1

the movement of goods and people from one location to another. This is done via air, land or
sea.

Question 2

Functions of transportation

Answer 2

It brings goods from producers to final consumers.
 It increases employment.
 It makes available a wide variety of goods to consumers.
 It helps manufacturing firms to minimize its inventory holdings and thus keep costs down.

Question 3

How goods transport

Answer 3

Land – roadways, highways, vehicles including container trucks, railways and pipelines.
2. Air – planes within the region as well as internationally.
3. Sea – large container vessels, ships travelling between islands alongside large rivers.

Question 4

Land transportation

Answer 4

a. Road
b. Rail and Tram
c. Pipelines

Question 5

Road transportation

Answer 5

Road Transportation
Advantages include:
 Suitable for reaching all locations in a country from rural to urban.
 It allows for fast delivery of goods from plant to consumers.
 Communication with driver can be done easily.
Disadvantages include:
 It is subject to delays on the road, example, caused by accidents, traffic, roadwork, etc.
 It requires regular maintenance of vehicles, which is a cost, to avoid breakdowns.
Solutions to Road Transportation Problems
Problems Solutions
Poorly maintained roads Road tax to maintain roads
Traffic congestion Re- routing of traffic in peak hours
Vehicle breakdown Proper maintenance

Question 6

Rail

Answer 6

b. Rail and Tram
Advantages include:
 Good for moving bulky cargo and transporting over long distances.
 Cheaper than road transportation.
 Goods can be moved at a faster rate than road transportation.

Disadvantages include:
 Requires a heavy capital investment by government.
 Not suitable for small quantities of goods and short distances.
 Schedules can be rigid so shippers must conform to times provided.

Question 7

Pipelines

Answer 7

c. Pipelines
Advantages include:
 Possible to transport large volumes.
 Not affected by weather and can move 365 days a year.
 High safety levels with low incidence of accidents.
Disadvantages include:
 High capital investment required.
 Broken or damaged lines can lead to pollution.
 Fixed route, pipelines cannot be easily moved.

Question 8

Sea Transportation

Answer 8

2. Sea Transportation
   Advantages include:
    It is suitable for large and bulky goods.
    It is suitable for non-perishable items.
    It can be cost-effective for large shipments.
   Disadvantages include:
    There can be delays due to bad weather, example, hurricanes, storms, etc.
    It is lengthy and therefore proper planning is required as there is a long lead between ports.
    Insurance of goods is highly recommended, this increases the final cost.