Transport Systems in Plants Flashcards
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of atoms and molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
What are the three factors that affect diffusion?
- State of matter
- Temperature of matter
- Mass of particles
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration of water molecules to a region of lower concentration of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane.
Do unicellular organisms need a transport system? Why or why not?
No. They are in direct contact with the surroundings so diffusion of substances takes a short time to reach the organism.
Do multicellular organisms need a transport system? Why or why not?
Yes. They have cells that are far away from the body surface so diffusion takes a long time, hence, a transport system is required to transport substances quickly and efficiently to and from the cells.
What is active transport?
The net movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration through a partially permeable membrane, using energy.
What cells is the xylem made up of?
Dead cells.
What does the xylem transport?
Water and mineral salts.
What cells is the phloem made up of?
Living cells.
What does the phloem transport?
Food/glucose/sugars
What are the differences between the xylem and phloem?
Phloem is made up of living cells but xylem is made up of dead cells.
Xylem only has 1 direction for moving substances but phloem has 2.
What is transpiration pull?
A process where water moves up the xylem vessels to the leaves when water evaporates from the surface of the leaf. This creates a pull of water molecules upwards towards the leaves.
