Transport Systems in Humans Flashcards
What are the four main chambers of the heart?
Left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, right atrium.
Which side of the heart contains more oxygenated blood and why?
Left side. Blood comes directly from the lungs.
Which side of the heart has thicker muscles?
Left side. It pumps blood to the other parts of the body which is further away from the heart.
Which side of the heart contains more deoxygenated blood and why?
Right side. Blood comes from the rest of the body.
Which blood vessel has the thickest walls? Why?
Arteries. It is to withstand the high pressure of blood flowing in them.
Do veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Deoxygenated blood.
Where does the blood that veins carry come from?
Other parts of the body to heart. (Into the heart)
Do arteries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Oxygenated blood.
Where does the blood that arteries carry come from?
The heart to other parts of the body. (Away from heart)
What is the difference between veins and arteries/capillaries?
Veins have valves to prevent the back flow of blood.
Why do capillaries have one-cell thick walls?
It is to ensure fast diffusion of substances into and from the blood.
What are the 4 components of blood?
- Plasma
- Red blood cells
- White blood cells
- Platelets
What does plasma contain?
Mostly water.
What does plasma carry?
Digested food, carbon dioxide and waste materials.
What is the function of red blood cells and what feature allows them to perform it?
Transport oxygen from lungs to other parts of the body. It has a biconcave shape to increase the surface area of the cell such that it can transport more oxygen. It also contains haemoglobin.
