Transport Systems in Multicellular Animals

Question 1

How do most large multicellular animals transport substance around their body?

Answer 1

In their blood using their circulatory system

Question 2

What does the circulatory system consist of?

Answer 2

Heart, blood and blood vessels

Question 3

How many type of circulatory systems are there?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

What are the 4 types of circulatory systems?

Answer 4

-Single
-Double
-Closed
-Open

Question 5

What is a single circulatory system?

Answer 5

Where blood passes through the (usually 2 chambered) heart once per complete circuit of the body

Question 6

What animal is an example which uses a single circulatory system?

Answer 6

Fish

Question 7

What is a double circulatory system?

Answer 7

Where blood passes through the heart twice per complete circuit of the body

Question 8

What is the double circulatory system compromised of?

Answer 8

-Pulmonary Circuit (lungs & back)
-Systematic Circuit (body & back)

Question 9

Who have a double circulatory system?

Answer 9

Most mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles

Question 10

What is the first reason why a double circulatory system is more efficient?

Answer 10

No mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood so more O2 reaches the body cells as the concentration gradient is steeper.

Question 11

What is the second reason why a double circulatory system is more efficient?

Answer 11

Blood receives another (more forceful) ‘pump’ after it’s been to the lungs so blood in systematic circuit is under higher pressure so reaches body cells more quickly.

Question 12

What is a closed circulatory system?

Answer 12

Where blood is enclosed blood vessels.

Question 13

Who has a closed circulatory system?

Answer 13

All vertebrates and some molluscs

Question 14

What is an open circulatory system?

Answer 14

Blood (haemolymph) flows freely and slowly through body cavity directly bathing in tissues

Question 15

What does haemolymph do?

Answer 15

Carries nutrients, hormones and some O2 which has been brought in and CO2 which will be removed by tracheal system.

Question 16

Where is an open circulatory system found?

Answer 16

In larger invertebrates (insects)

Question 17

What is the first step in an open circulatory system in insects?

Answer 17

Haemolymph is pumped from back to front along a single artery.

Question 18

What is the second step in an open circulatory system in insects?

Answer 18

Haemolymph leaves artery and enters the body cavity directly bathing the insects organs

Question 19

What is the third step in an open circulatory system in insects?

Answer 19

Haemolymph returns to heart through valves called ostia.

Question 20

What is the first disadvantage of single circulatory systems such as in fish?

Answer 20

Blood pressure drops as blood passes through gill capillaries

Question 21

What is the second disadvantage of single circulatory systems such as in fish?

Answer 21

Blood flow slowly through as its under low pressure

Question 22

What is the third disadvantage of single circulatory systems such as in fish?

Answer 22

Rate of delivery of oxygen/nutrients to respiring tissues is limited

Question 22

What is the first advantage of a closed circulation system over and open system?

Answer 22

Blood travels at higher pressure and therefore flow is faster

Question 23

What is the second advantage of a closed circulation system over and open system?

Answer 23

Oxygen/nutrients supplied and CO2/Urea removed quicker

Question 24

What is the third advantage of a closed circulation system over and open system?

Answer 24

Transport is independent of body movements