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Biology-Transport in Animals > Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the cardiac cycle?

A

Is an ongoing sequence of contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles that keeps blood continuously circulating around the body.

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2
Q

What is cardiac contraction?

A

Systole

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3
Q

What is cardiac relaxation?

A

Diastole

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4
Q

What is the order of the cardiac cycle?

A

Atrial Systole-Ventricular Systole- Diastole

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5
Q

What is the 1st stage in the cardiac cycle?

A

Atrial Systole

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6
Q

What happens in Atrial Systole?

A

Atria contract, ventricles relax

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7
Q

In atrial systole what happens as the atria contract?

A

Volume decreases and pressure inside chambers increases

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8
Q

What does this change in pressure do?

A

Forces the AV valves to fully open and blood flows into ventricles. Pressure inside ventricles increases slightly

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9
Q

What is the 2nd stage in the cardiac cycle?

A

Ventricular systole

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10
Q

What happens in ventricular systole?

A

Ventricles contract, atria relax

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11
Q

In ventricular systole, what happens when the ventricles contract?

A

Volume decreases and pressure inside chambers increases further

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12
Q

What does this change in pressure inside the chambers do?

A

Forces the AV valves to close, preventing backflow

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13
Q

What also happens in ventricular systole?

A

Pressure in ventricles becomes higher than in the aorta and pulmonary artery forcing the SL valves to open.

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14
Q

What can now happen now the SL valves are open?

A

Blood can enter the arteries

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15
Q

What is the 3rd stage in the cardiac cycle?

A

Diastole

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16
Q

What happens in Diastole?

A

Atria and ventricles relax

17
Q

How are the SL valves forced to close?

A

Due to high pressure in the aorta and pulmonary artery forces the SL valves to close.

18
Q

What happens after the valves close?

A

Blood enters the atria as the pressure is lower in the atria than in the vena cava and pulmonary vein.

19
Q

What then happens in diastole?

A

Pressure inside atria starts to increase forcing the AV valves to partially open so blood starts to flow passively into the ventricles

20
Q

What is cardiac output (Q)?

A

Amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle in one minute

21
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

Amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle in one cardiac cycle

22
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output?

A

HR x SV

23
Q

What do the following numbers represent? 120/80

A

120-Systolic Blood Pressure
80-Diastolic Blood Pressure

24
Q

What is one reason why someone may have low blood pressure?

A

Volume of blood is low e.g. lots of blood has been lost

Biology-Transport in Animals (11 decks)

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