Transport Systems - Animals

Question 1

Name the 3 of the 4 main components of blood.

Answer 1

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets & plasma

Question 2

What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 2

transport oxygen

Question 3

State 4 ways that red blood cells are adapted to carry out their job.

Answer 3

1. bi-concave shape
2. no nucleus
3. contain haemoglobin
4. small and flexible

Question 4

What is formed when oxygen combines with haemoglobin?

Answer 4

oxyhaemoglobin

Question 5

What do we call micro-organisms that enter the body and cause disease?

Answer 5

pathogens

Question 6

Give 3 examples of pathogens.

Answer 6

1. viruses
2. bacteria
3. fungi

Question 7

Name the 2 main types of white blood cell.

Answer 7

1. Phagocyte

2. Lymphocyte

Question 8

Name the process that phagocytes carry out.

Answer 8

Phagocytosis

Question 9

Describe phagocytosis.

Answer 9

Phagocyte engulfs and digests the pathogen.

Question 10

Name the proteins made by lymphocytes that destroy pathogens.

Answer 10

antibodies

Question 11

Why are many different types of antibodies required?

Answer 11

antibodies are specific to a particular pathogen

Question 12

Name the top 2 chambers of the heart.

Answer 12

atria

Question 13

Name the bottom 2 chambers of the heart.

Answer 13

ventricles

Question 14

Where are the 4 valves in the heart.

Answer 14

a) between the atria and ventricles

b) between the ventricles and arteries

Question 15

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

Answer 15

To keep the blood flowing in one direction

Question 16

Where does blood travel to after the right atrium?

Answer 16

right ventricle

Question 17

Where does blood travel to after the right ventricle?

Answer 17

the lungs

Question 18

Name the blood vessel that carries blood to the lungs from the heart.

Answer 18

pulmonary artery

Question 19

Name the blood vessel that carries blood from the lungs to the heart.

Answer 19

pulmonary vein

Question 20

Which chamber does the pulmonary vein bring blood into?

Answer 20

left atrium

Question 21

Where does the blood travel to after the left atrium?

Answer 21

left ventricle

Question 22

Where does the blood travel to after the left ventricle?

Answer 22

rest of the body

Question 23

Name the blood vessel that transports blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

Answer 23

Aorta

Question 24

Name the blood vessel that brings blood back to the heart from the rest of the body.

Answer 24

vena cava

Question 25

Which chamber in the heart does blood travel back to from the body via the vena cava?

Answer 25

right atrium

Question 26

Name the blood vessel that supplies the heart muscle with blood.

Answer 26

coronary artery

Question 27

Which blood vessels carry blood Away from the heart?

Answer 27

Arteries

Question 28

Which blood vessels carry blood back IN to the heart?

Answer 28

veIN

Question 29

Which blood vessels have to cope with the highest blood pressure?

Answer 29

arteries

Question 30

Which blood vessels have the largest central channel (lumen)?

Answer 30

veins

Question 31

Which blood vessels contain valves?

Answer 31

veins

Question 32

Which blood vessels allow the exchange of materials to take place?

Answer 32

capillaries

Question 33

Give 2 reasons why capillaries are good at exchanging materials.

Answer 33

a) thin walls

b) large surface area