Control & Communication Flashcards
Name the 2 parts of the central nervous system.
- Brain
2. Spinal cord
What 2 things does the nervous system consist of?
- Central nervous system
2. Other nerves
Name the part of the brain that controls balance and co-ordination.
Cerebellum
Name the part of the brain that controls heart rate and breathing rate?
Medulla
Name the part of the brain that is involved in memory, conscious thought and personality.
Cerebrum
Name the 3 types of neuron and name them in the correct order.
sensory - inter - motor
Where does a sensory neuron carry a message from and to?
From the senses (receptors) to the CNS
Where does a motor neuron carry a message from and to?
From the CNS to the effector
Name the part of the nervous system that detects the stimulus.
Receptor
How are impulses passed along a neuron?
Electricity
What do we call the small gap between neurons?
A synapse
How do impulses travel across a synapse?
Chemicals (neurotransmitters if you are showing off)
Name two structures that are usually the effector.
- Muscle
2. Gland
What is the purpose of a reflex action?
Protection
How is a reflex action different to a conscious response?
Quicker and does not initially involve the brain
What name is given to glands that release hormones?
endocrine
How do hormones travel through the body?
The blood
What is a hormone?
Chemical messenger
What are hormones made of?
Protein
Where in a cell are hormones made?
Ribosomes
What name is given to a cell that the hormone is sending a message to?
Target cell/tissue
Why is only the target tissue affected by a specific hormone?
They have complementary receptor proteins in the membrane.
Name the endocrine gland involved in blood glucose regulation.
Pancreas
Name the target tissue in blood glucose regulation.
The liver
How is glucose stored in the liver?
Glycogen
Name the hormone that is released if blood glucose levels are high.
Insulin
Name the hormone that is released if blood glucose levels are low.
Glucagon
What is the result of the message sent by insulin?
Glucose converted into glycogen
What is the result of the message sent by glucagon?
Glycogen converted into glucose
