Control & Communication Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 2 parts of the central nervous system.

A
  1. Brain

2. Spinal cord

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2
Q

What 2 things does the nervous system consist of?

A
  1. Central nervous system

2. Other nerves

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3
Q

Name the part of the brain that controls balance and co-ordination.

A

Cerebellum

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4
Q

Name the part of the brain that controls heart rate and breathing rate?

A

Medulla

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5
Q

Name the part of the brain that is involved in memory, conscious thought and personality.

A

Cerebrum

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6
Q

Name the 3 types of neuron and name them in the correct order.

A

sensory - inter - motor

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7
Q

Where does a sensory neuron carry a message from and to?

A

From the senses (receptors) to the CNS

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8
Q

Where does a motor neuron carry a message from and to?

A

From the CNS to the effector

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9
Q

Name the part of the nervous system that detects the stimulus.

A

Receptor

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10
Q

How are impulses passed along a neuron?

A

Electricity

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11
Q

What do we call the small gap between neurons?

A

A synapse

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12
Q

How do impulses travel across a synapse?

A

Chemicals (neurotransmitters if you are showing off)

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13
Q

Name two structures that are usually the effector.

A
  1. Muscle

2. Gland

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a reflex action?

A

Protection

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15
Q

How is a reflex action different to a conscious response?

A

Quicker and does not initially involve the brain

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16
Q

What name is given to glands that release hormones?

17
Q

How do hormones travel through the body?

18
Q

What is a hormone?

A

Chemical messenger

19
Q

What are hormones made of?

20
Q

Where in a cell are hormones made?

21
Q

What name is given to a cell that the hormone is sending a message to?

A

Target cell/tissue

22
Q

Why is only the target tissue affected by a specific hormone?

A

They have complementary receptor proteins in the membrane.

23
Q

Name the endocrine gland involved in blood glucose regulation.

24
Q

Name the target tissue in blood glucose regulation.

25
How is glucose stored in the liver?
Glycogen
26
Name the hormone that is released if blood glucose levels are high.
Insulin
27
Name the hormone that is released if blood glucose levels are low.
Glucagon
28
What is the result of the message sent by insulin?
Glucose converted into glycogen
29
What is the result of the message sent by glucagon?
Glycogen converted into glucose