Transport Physiology Flashcards
What is the measurement of barometric pressure at sea level?
760 mmHg
List the layers of the atmosphere in order from the Earth’s surface to outer space:
Mesosphere, Troposphere, Thermosphere, Stratosphere
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
What gases are of concern in aviation medicine?
Oxygen and Nitrogen
This gas law states, “Gas molecules will move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.”
Universal gas law
This gas law states, “The amount of gas is determined by its pressure, volume and temperature.”
Ideal gas law
Barotitis media is an example of the manifestation of which of the following gas laws?
Boyle’s gas law
This gas law states, “The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the individual partial pressures of all the gases in the mixture.”
Dalton’s gas law
Barometric pressure decreases with altitude and atmosphere molecules move farther away from one another. This is an example of which gas law?
Boyle’s gas law
Decompression sickness (i.e. “the bends”) is an example of which gas law?
Henry’s gas law
For every increase of 1000 feet in altitude, temperature will:
Decrease by 2° C
If the volume of a gas is fixed, as pressure increases, temperature increases (i.e. pressure is proportional to temperature). This describes what gas law?
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Night vision is lost at what altitude?
5000 feet
Inadequate tissue oxygenation secondary to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is the definition of what form of hypoxia?
Hypemic (anemic) hypoxia
Drinking alcohol can inhibit the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This is an example of which form of hypoxia?
Histoxic hypoxia
Your heart failure patient is becoming hypoxic at altitude. This is most likely due to what form of hypoxia?
Stagnant hypoxia
What is the formula for oxygen-adjustment calculation needed for transporting oxygen-dependent patients at altitude?
[%FiO2 x (beginning barometric pressure)] ÷ (maximum barometric pressure) = %FiO2 needed at altitude
The time from exposure to an oxygen-deficient environment to the point at which a useful level of consciousness is lost, is the definition of:
Time of useful consciousness (TUC)
A pressurized aircraft cabin simulates what altitude?
5000 - 8000 feet
T/F: Most patients are loaded along the long axis of the aircraft.
True
List each of the self-imposed stressors that make up the acronym “DEATH”
Drugs
Exhaustion
Alcohol
Tobacco
Hypoglycemia
If temperature is constant, a volume of gas expands as pressure decreases (i.e. the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure). This describes what gas law?
Boyle’s Law
If pressure is constant, a volume of gas increases as temperature increases (i.e. the volume of gas is directly proportional to its temperature). This describes what gas law?
Charles’ Law
Boyle’s Law states that as altitude increases, pressure _________, and volume __________.
decreases, increases
Charles’ Law states that as altitude increases, temperature ________, and volume ________.
decreases, decreases
This gas law states, “The amount of gas in a solution is proportional to the partial pressure of a gas in contact with the liquid”.
Henry’s Law
With temperature and pressure held constant, the lighter the gas the faster it will diffuse (i.e. the relative rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the density of those gases). This describes what gas law?
Graham’s Law
