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Biology Module 3 > Transport In Plants > Flashcards

Transport In Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the xylem transport?

A

Water and mineral ions

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2
Q

How is the xylem supported from collapse?

A

Lignin (dead cells) in walls

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3
Q

What do bordered pits allow xylem to do?

A

Pass water to respiring cells

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4
Q

What is capillary action?

A

Force of attraction to get water to sides of vessels

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5
Q

What does the phloem transport?

A

Sucrose and assimulates

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6
Q

What does sucrose dissolve into when mixed with water?

A

Cell sap

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7
Q

Where does sieve tube elements form.

A

End of cells in phloem

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8
Q

What are companion cells and where are they located?

A

Along side sieve tubes containing lots of mitochondria to aid in respiration

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9
Q

What are plasmodesmata?

A

Strands of cytoplasm allowing assimulates to pass into adjacent cells between sieve tube elements and companion cells

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10
Q

What are dicotyledonous plants?

A

Plants containing organs that are the main food source for embyos

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11
Q

Draw what a xylem and phloem look like in the root, leaf and stem

A

Root xylem: star shape with phloem in a circle around xylem

Stem: xylem is circular with oval phloem overlapping it

Leaf: midrib angular

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12
Q

What are the properties of root hair cells?

A

Thin
Large SA:V

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13
Q

What is the water potential from root to stem?

A

High to low down the concentration gradient more negative

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14
Q

Describe the apoplast pathway

A

Water moves through intracellular spaces between cell wall

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15
Q

Describe the symplast pathway

A

Water goes through the cytoplasm and vacuole of cell

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16
Q

What is the casparian strip?

A

End of apoplast pathway. It is waterproof and made of suberin

17
Q

What is mass flow?

A

Mass movement of water through a plant from high to low pressure

18
Q

Where does root pressure increase?

A

Xylem

19
Q

What is the Transpiration pull?

A

When water lost in mesophyll is replaced by the xylem

20
Q

How does water leave plants?

A

Water turns into water vapour and diffuses out of leaf via a concentration gradient making the water potential more negative in stomata

21
Q

Provide evidence of cohesion theory

A

Cut flowers leak water but draw up air

22
Q

What does a photometer measure?

A

Water uptake

23
Q

How does light intensity effect respiration?

A

Higher intensity fater rate

24
Q

How does light intensity effect respiration?

A

Higher intensity faster rate

25
Q

How does temperature effect Transpiration?

A

Increases evaporation rate and diffusion

26
Q

How does humidity effect Transpiration?

A

Decreases rate of water loss

27
Q

How does wind effect Transpiration?

A

Maintains high water vapour gradient

28
Q

How does water availability effect Transpiration?

A

Stomata closes if there is not enough water vapour

29
Q

Define translocation

A

Transport of assimulates from source to sink through phloem

30
Q

Give an example of a source and sink

A

Root
Leaf

31
Q

What is mass flow theory?

A

When sucrose is moved into companion cells and along with H+ ions via active transport they are then moved into the sieve tube elements via facilitated diffusion through plasmodesmata. In the sieve tube elements the sucrose and assimulates move down the concentration gradient

32
Q

What is a xerophyte?

A

Organism that had adapted to survive in conditions with minimal water

33
Q

Name some adaptations of a xerophyte

A

Hairy leaves
Packed spongy mesophyll

34
Q

What is a hydrophyte?

A

An organism adapted to survive in areas with little water

35
Q

Name some adaptations of a hydrophyte

A

Stomata on up side of leaf

36
Q

What is a halophyte?

A

An organism that lives in high salt containing soil

Biology Module 3 (3 decks)

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