Transport and Circulation in Plants Flashcards
three routes of water movement in plant tissues
apoplast route
symplast route
vacuolar route
water movement through cell wall
apoplast route
water movement through cytoplasm that is normally hindered by resistance caused by cell organelles and membranes
symplast route
water moves in and out of cell vacuoles by osmosis through the tonoplast and cell membranes
vacuolar route
the absorption of water by osmosis is usually assisted by ___________ that requires energy.
active transport
water is absorbed from the soil by root hairs and other epidermal cells through __________.
osmosis
transports water from roots to different parts of the plants
xylem
release of water vapor through opening in leaves (stomata) causes the pressure that pulls the water up
transpiration
prevent backflow of water and nutrients into the soil
casparian strip
water molecules adhere to one another (water to water)
cohesive forces
water molecules adhere to the walls of the tube (water to substance)
adhesive forces
transports organic compounds (food), amino acids, and dissolved sugar
phloem
one-way flow of sap
xylem
two-way flow of sap
phloem
transport of
organic substances such as the
soluble products of photosynthesis
in plants.
translocation
consist of living cells
arranged end to end to form
cylindrical tubes.
sieve tubes
perforated discs that
separate sieve cells form one
another
sieve plates
connects companion cell to sieve cell
plasmodesmata
arranged next to
the sieve cells. It contains a nucleus.
companion cells
through dead cells
xylem
through living cells
phloem
The sieve tubes in the leaf are a _______ region in the pressure flow.
source
The root cells are a _____ region in the pressure flow.
sink
when the concentration of an ion inside the cell is lower compared to the outside
diffusion
for ions already at a higher concentration inside the cell compared to the outside
active transport
the movement of a carrier-ion complex requires energy from ___.
ATP
a suction power produced by the osmotic pressure created in leaves due to transpiration
transpiration pull
another force that exists that pushes from below and responsible for pushing water upwards along the stem
root pressure
caused by water that is actively forced out from the living cells into the xylem vessels.
root pressure
