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Biology A Level AQA > Transport Across Cell Membranes > Flashcards

Transport Across Cell Membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main functions of plasma membranes?

A

Forms boundary between 2 environments (compartmentalisation) allows different condition in either side of membrane

Partially permeable barrier so controls movement of substances in and out

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2
Q

What are plasma membranes made of?

A

2 layers of phospholipids: phospholipid bilayer

Cholesterol

Peripheral (extrinsic) proteins

Integral (intrinsic) proteins

Sugar side chains

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3
Q

What are the types of membrane proteins?

A

Transporter, receptor, enzyme and anchor

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4
Q

What are the types of transporter proteins?

A

Carrier and channel

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5
Q

What can cross the phospholipid bilayer?

A

Lipid soluble (non-polar) substances

Small molecules eg. H2O

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6
Q

What cannot cross the phospholipid bilayer?

A

Most water soluble (polar) substances

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7
Q

What does isotonic mean?

A

Same water potential

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8
Q

What does hypertonic mean

A

Low water potential (high concentration of solute)

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9
Q

What does hypotonic mean?

A

High water potential (low solute concentration)

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10
Q

In plants, what happens when the area surrounding cell is isotonic?

A

Incipient plasmolysis

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11
Q

In animals, what happens when the area surrounding cell is isotonic

A

Normal

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12
Q

In plants, what happens when the area surrounding cell is hypertonic?

A

Plasmolysis

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13
Q

In animals, what happens when the area surrounding cell is hypertonic?

A

Shrivelled

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14
Q

In plants, what happens when the area surrounding cell is hypotonic?

A

Turgid

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15
Q

In animals, what happens when the area surrounding cell is hypotonic?

A

Lysed

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16
Q

Describe the net movement of water when area surrounding cell is hypotonic

A

Water moves into cell

17
Q

Describe the net movement of water when area surrounding cell is isotonic

A

No net movement (equal)

18
Q

Describe the net movement of water when area surrounding cell is hypertonic

A

Water moves out of cell

Biology A Level AQA (14 decks)

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