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Bio > Transport > Flashcards

Transport Flashcards

1
Q

Primary function of plasma membrane

A

To regulate what can enter and exit the cell which helps the cell to maintain homeostasis

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2
Q

____ form a bilayer in which the ____ heads are at the surfaces of the membrane and the ______ tails face each other, making up the interior of the membrane. Another lipid within th e membranes structure is ______ which adds ____ and ____ to the plasma membranes fluidity

A

Phospholipids
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Cholesterol
Strength
Stability

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3
Q

______ proteins spam the entire membrane while _____ proteins are attached to either the membrane on the intercellular or extra cellular side

A

Integral
Peripheral

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4
Q

Both glycolipids and glycoproteins have a _____ chain and are active in cell to cell ______

A

Carbohydrate
Recognition

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5
Q

Receptor protein

A

Receives extracellular signal molecules that stimulates a response within the cell

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6
Q

Channel protein

A

Gives passage to certain molecules to cross the membrane without the use of energy

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7
Q

Cell recognition protein

A

Glycoprotein (with external carbohydrate chain) that gives fingerprint to the cell that helps with cell identification between cells

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8
Q

Enzymatic protein

A

Catalyzes biochemical reaction at the membrane

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9
Q

Carrier protein

A

Moves molecules across the membrane using energy and the protein itself changes shape to pump molecules

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10
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

Algae in a pond become dehydrated

A

O

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11
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

A red blood cell bursts in a test tube of pure water

A

O

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12
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

Dye crystals spread out in a beaker for water

A

D

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13
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

Gases move across the plasma membrane

A

D

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14
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

A hypertonic solution draws water out of a cell

A

O

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15
Q

D - diffusion O - osmosis

Perfume is sensed from the other side of a room

A

D

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16
Q

Isotonic animal cell

A

Water moves equally into and out of the cell there is no net movement of water

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17
Q

Isotonic plant cell

A

Water moves equally into and out of the cell there is no net movement of water

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18
Q

Hypertonic animal cell

A

More water will exit the cell than enter it
There is a net movement of water out

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19
Q

What is it Called when an animal cell shrinks

A

Crenation

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20
Q

Hypertonic plant cell

A

More water will exit the cell than enter it
There is a net movement of water out

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21
Q

Plasmolysis

A

Plant cell membrane and it’s contents shrink away from the cell wall but the cell wall remains constant

22
Q

Hypotonic animal cell

A

More water will enter the cell than exit it
There is a net movement of water in

23
Q

Animal cell swells up and can burst

A

Lysis

24
Q

Hypotonic plant cell

A

more water will enter the cell than exit it and there is a net movement of water in

25
Q

Turgid (turgor pressure)

A

Plant cells central vacuole fills up and cell membrane pressed against inside of cell wall but the cell does not burst

26
Q

Explain why plant cells respond to a hypotonic environment differently than animal cells will.

A

The plant cell’s cell wall will prevent lysis from occurring, so instead the plant cell’s central vacuole fills with water and the cell has high turgor pressure. This is ac the preferred state of the plant cell.

27
Q

If a solution is 8% solute, it is__ % solvent. If a solution is 99.5% solvent,
____
% solute. If solution A is 2% solute and solution B is 3% solute, then solution A IS _____ relative to solution B. Conversely, solution B is _ _____relative to solution A. If solution C has 2% solute, then it would be ______ relative to solution A.

A

92
0.5
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic

28
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Uses a carrier protein

A

A

29
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Substances travel down a concentration gradient

A

F

30
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Sodium potassium pump

A

A

31
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Substances travel against a concentration gradient

A

A

32
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Energy is not required

A

F

33
Q

F - facilitated diffusion A - active transport

Uses a Chanel protein

A

F

34
Q

EX - exocytosis EN - endocytosis

Vesicles formed by the Golgi apparatus fuse with the plasma membrane

A

EX

35
Q

EX - exocytosis EN - endocytosis

Materials leave the cell

A

EX

36
Q

EX - exocytosis EN - endocytosis

Phagocytosis is an example (ingestion)

A

EN

37
Q

EX - exocytosis EN - endocytosis

Pinocytosis is an example

A

EN

38
Q

EX - exocytosis EN - endocytosis

How the cell secretes proteins it produces

A

EX

39
Q

1 Small lipid-soluble molecules cross into a cell

2 Requires vesicle formation to bring a large substance into the cell

3 channel protein, no energy

4 carrier protein, energy required

5 water enters a hypertonic solution from a cell

6 large substance secretion from the cell

A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Endocytosis
D. Diffusion
E. Active transport
F Exocytosis

A

D
C
A
E
B
F

40
Q

Phospholipids are present int eh plasma memraven

A

True

41
Q

Hydrophilic regions of integral proteins protrude from both surfaces of the bilayer

A

True

42
Q

Lipid soluble molecules pass through _____ to cross the membrane

A

Phospholipid bilyaer

43
Q

A 2% salt solution is ______ to a 4% salt solution

A

Hypotonic

44
Q

Which molecule is directly required for operation of the sodium potassium pump

A

ATP

45
Q

In cells which process moves materials opposite to the direction of the other three

A

Exocytosis

46
Q

A small, lipid-soluble molecule passes easily through the plasma membrane. Which of these statements is the most likely explanation?
a. A channel protein must be at work.
b. The plasma membrane is partially composed of lipid molecules.
c. The cell is expending energy to do this.
d. Phagocytosis has enclosed this molecule in a vesicle.

A

B

47
Q
  1. Which of these does NOT require an expenditure of energy?
    a. Diffusion
    b. Osmosis
    c. Facilitated diffusion
    d. None of these require energy
A

D

48
Q

Which term refers to th e bursting of an animal cell

A

Lysis

49
Q

An animal cell always takes in water when placed in ____ solution

A

Hypotonic

50
Q

Which of the following is often actively transported across plasma membranes (hint:
especially in neuron cells)?
a. carbon dioxide
b. Oxygen
c. Water
d.Sodium ions

A

D

Bio (20 decks)

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