translation and transcription

Question 1

Describe how one amino acid is added to a polypeptide that is being
formed at a ribosome during translation.

Answer 1

tRNA binds to ribosome with specific anti codons / specific amino acid
mRNA has codons which are complimentary to anticodons
codons and anti codons undergo condensation reaction using ATP forming peptide bond

Question 2

Describe how a polypeptide is formed by translation of mRNA.

Answer 2

(mRNA attaches) to ribosomes
tRNA brings a specific amino acid;
(tRNA) anticodons (bind to) complementary (mRNA) codons;
amino acids join via condensation reaction using ATP
to form peptide bonds
tRNA is released
ribosome moves along mRNA

Question 3

What is the proteome of a cell?

Answer 3

number of different proteins that a cell
is able to produce (at a given time);

Question 4

Give the two types of molecule from which a ribosome is made.

Answer 4

one of RNA and one of proteins

Question 5

Describe the role of a ribosome in the production of a polypeptide.

Answer 5

mRNA binds to ribosome;
tRNA with anticodons to bind
condensation reaction using ATP forms peptide bond between amino acids
ribosome moves along mRNA