Translation Flashcards
Translation
Process of converting info in mRNA -> protein
What do the tRNAs do in translation
Help nucleotides find the appropriate amino acid - codon
What is the universal start codon
AUG -> methionine -> can be the start of translation
3 stop codon
UAA, UAG, UGA
How are tRNA molecules created
By transcribing info in DNA
Prokaryotes (in translation)
tRNA molecule used over and over
Eukaryotes (in translation)
tRNA is generated in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm
tRNA molecule used over and over
Ribosomes sites
A site - arrive
P site - protein/ peptide formed
E site - exit
Initiation
Occurs when the small ribosomal subunits binds to mRNA at the 5’ end and scans it in a 3’ direction until reaches a start codon
Elongation (translation)
Requires GTP + proteins -> elongation factors
Elongation factors (translation)
Brings charging tRNA to A site -> P -> E
Termination (translation)
Terminates when ribosome encounters a stop codon and release factor binds to stop codon in a site
